Circuito de ejercicio funcional con tareas duales sobre variables clínicas relacionados con la sarcopenia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.110528Palabras clave:
Envejecimiento, Sarcopenia, Estres oxidativo, Ejercicio fisico, AncianoResumen
Introducción: La mayoría de las intervenciones con ejercicio para prevenir la sarcopenia se han enfocado en individuos con sarcopenia o pre-sarcopenia. Los efectos del ejercicio funcional con tareas duales sobre variables clínicas asociadas a la sarcopenia no han sido estudiados.
Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio funcional con tareas duales versus ejercicio aeróbico sobre variables relacionados con la sarcopenia en adultos mayores sin sospecha de esta condición.
Metodología: Un estudio clínico no aleatorizado (Registro: RBR-2HJJ7G/UTN:U1111-1254-3147) con 48 adultos mayores distribuidos en dos grupos: (1) circuito de ejercicio funcional (CEF) con tareas duales y (2) ejercicio aeróbico. Durante 12 semanas, tres veces por semana, con sesiones de 50 minutos. La sospecha clínica de sarcopenia se determinó mediante el algoritmo del Grupo Europeo de sarcopenia. Fue evaluado masa magra, grasa, circunferencia de pantorrilla, fuerza de prensión, prueba de sentarse y levantarse, velocidad de marcha, prueba de caminata de seis minutos y biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo. Los análisis se realizaron con SPSS versión 22.0 y JASP versión 0.16.1.
Resultados: El CEF mostró incrementos significativos en masa magra (p = 0,049) y circunferencia de la pantorrilla (p < 0,001), y una reducción en masa grasa (p = 0,017; TE: 0,1–0,6). Ambos grupos mejoraron en la prueba de cinco repeticiones, velocidad de marcha y caminata de seis minutos (p < 0,05). Los biomarcadores antioxidantes aumentaron tras el CEF (TE: 0,2–0,6; p < 0,05).
Conclusión: El CEF mejoró masa muscular, fuerza, rendimiento físico y capacidad antioxidante, importantes variables relacionadas con sarcopenia.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Walter Sepulveda-Loyola, Renata Pires Tricanico Maciel, Denilson de Castro Teixeira, Felipe Araya-Quintanilla , Rubens Alexandre da Silva Junior, Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos, Suhaila Mahmoud Smaili, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas , Juan José Valenzuela- Fuenzalida, Vanessa Suziane Probst
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