Desarrollo y validación de un modelo de aprendizaje cuántico basado en juegos tradicionales para mejorar la alfabetización física en alumnos de primaria

Autores/as

  • Prayogi Nurfauzan Department of Physical Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Guntur Guntur Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Aris Fajar Pambudi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Ade Gusti Ningsih Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Apriliana Nurulita Nur Fauzi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Andika Triansyah Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
  • Fatma Atik Mulyani Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • St. Nur Almaidah RS. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Atina Atina Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
  • Maria Magdalena Sri Wahyuni Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
  • Arief Kuswidyanarko Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Irene Maria Wato Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Anna Mariyani Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Hidayatul Hikmah Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Amran Amran Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116823

Palabras clave:

Alfabetización física, aprendizaje cuántico, juegos tradicionales , Educación Física, escuela primaria

Resumen

Introducción: La alfabetización física es fundamental para el desarrollo integral del alumnado. Como siempre, en Indonesia, su implementación en la educación primaria sigue siendo limitada debido a la falta de correspondencia entre el profesorado, la falta de modelos pedagógicos innovadores y la baja participación del alumnado en actividades físicas.

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo diseñar y evaluar la viabilidad, la practicidad y la eficacia de un modelo de Aprendizaje Cuántico que incorpora juegos tradicionales para mejorar la alfabetización física del alumnado de primaria.

Metodología: Se empleó un enfoque de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), siguiendo el modelo ADDIE. Participaron alumnos de quinto grado de seis escuelas primarias del distrito de Paseh, regencia de Bandung. Dos expertos en diseño instruccional y dos expertos en la materia llevaron a cabo el proceso de validación. La eficacia del modelo se evaluó en 34 alumnos de dos escuelas. El análisis de datos incluyó la V de Aiken, el Alfa de Cronbach, pruebas t de muestras pareadas, puntuaciones N-Gain y la prueba U de Mann-Whitney.

Resultados: Los resultados de la validación demostraron un alto nivel de validez (V ≥ 0,894) y una buena fiabilidad del instrumento (α > 0,80). La viabilidad del modelo alcanzó una puntuación media del 94 %. Las pruebas de efectividad mostraron una mejora significativa en la alfabetización física en el grupo experimental (p < 0,05), con una ganancia N de 0,53 (categoría moderada), superior a la del grupo control (0,30).

Discusión: La integración del marco de aprendizaje cuántico con juegos tradicionales con arraigo cultural fomentó experiencias de aprendizaje de Educación Física (EF) activas, lúdicas y contextualmente relevantes, alineadas con las necesidades de desarrollo de los estudiantes y la política Merdeka Belajar (Libertad para aprender).

Conclusiones: El modelo desarrollado demostró ser viable, práctico y eficaz para mejorar la alfabetización física y promete una adopción más amplia en programas de educación física con sensibilidad cultural.

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19-07-2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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Nurfauzan, P., Guntur, G., Pambudi , A. F., Ningsih, A. G., Fauzi , A. N. N., Triansyah, A., Mulyani, F. A., Almaidah RS., S. N., Atina, A., Wahyuni, M. M. S., Kuswidyanarko, A., Wato, I. M., Mariyani, A., Hikmah, H., & Amran, A. (2025). Desarrollo y validación de un modelo de aprendizaje cuántico basado en juegos tradicionales para mejorar la alfabetización física en alumnos de primaria. Retos, 69, 1401-1418. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v69.116823