Development and validation of a physical activity-sleep-academic performance model for students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.115189Keywords:
Physical activity, Sleep quality, Academic performance, Health management model, Education policies, Health educationAbstract
Introduction: Student well-being is increasingly at risk due to sedentary behavior, sleep deprivation, and academic stress. These issues are interrelated and influenced by both personal habits and environmental contexts.
Objective: This study aimed to construct and validate a "Physical Activity–Sleep–Academic Performance" (P-S-A) health management model grounded in ecological systems theory.
Methodology: A mixed-methods design was applied. Data from 1,200 students aged 10–18 were collected using surveys, wearable devices, and contextual records. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) assessed variable relationships, while qualitative interviews provided contextual insights.
Results: Physical activity significantly improved sleep quality (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), which enhanced academic performance (β = 0.29, p < 0.001). Physical activity also had a direct effect on academic outcomes (β = 0.18, p < 0.01). Family support (β = 0.22, p < 0.01) and school policies (β = 0.19, p < 0.05) moderated these effects. Model fit was strong (CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.06).
Discussion: The model underscores the interconnected roles of physical activity, sleep, and academic performance within a supportive environment. Qualitative findings highlighted the difficulty of balancing health and academic demands, alongside perceived benefits.
Conclusion: The validated P-S-A model offers a comprehensive framework aligned with initiatives like Healthy China 2030 and the Double Reduction Policy. It provides actionable guidance for educators, families, and policymakers. Future studies should address limitations such as cross-sectional design and self-report bias by employing longitudinal and objective methods.
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