Efeitos de um programa de atividade física de correção postural e ativação muscular na prevenção da dor lombar em estudantes de Educação Física do 3º e 4º ano do Ensino Médio Obrigatório
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.102974Palavras-chave:
Postura, activación muscular, prevención, lumbalgia, ejercicios isométricos, electromiografía (EMG)Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde postural, articular e muscular lombar de uma amostra de mulheres adolescentes e medir sua melhora após a realização de um programa preventivo. Metodologia: Foi elaborada uma série de exercícios para aplicação no retorno às sessões de educação física calma durante quatro semanas, com foco no desenvolvimento da musculatura lombar e na estabilidade e alinhamento da coluna vertebral. Resultados: Os resultados mostram diferenças significativas entre teste e reteste, em dois itens de alinhamento da coluna (p < 0,05), mas não relatam alterações nos testes de estabilização da coluna e na eletromiografia (p = 0,47). Os dados de regressão caso a aplicação do programa continue indicam uma tendência de melhoria nesta variável. Conclusões: A principal conclusão é destacar a importância da aplicação de diferentes testes de avaliação que permitam detectar anomalias posturais e a necessidade de adotar hábitos preventivos focados na prática continuada de exercício físico.
Palavras-chave: Dor lombar, postura, ativação muscular, adolescentes.
Referências
Abelin-Genevois, K. (2021). Sagittal balance of the spine. Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research: OTSR, 107(1S), 102769. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2020.102769
Allen, B., Hannon, J., Burns, R., y Williams, S. (2014). Effect of a core conditioning intervention on tests of trunk muscular endurance in school-aged children. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(7), 2063-2070. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000000352
Ambrosio, L., Mazzuca, G., Maguolo, A., Russo, F., Cannata, F., Vadalà, G., . . . Denaro, V. (2023). The burden of low back pain in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: From pathophysiology to prevention and treatment strategies. Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, 15(8), 1759720X231188831. doi:10.1177/1759720X231188831
Antonio, J., Espada-Mateos, M., Abián-Vicén, J., y Abián-Vicén, P. (2019). Curvatura del raquis en escolares y rela-ción del peso de sus mochilas con el grado de incapacidad física en función del sexo. Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas De Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, 36, 245-250. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.67154
Ballestra, E., Battaglino, A., Cotella, D., Rossettini, G., Romero, E. A. S., y Villafañe, H. (2022). Do patients’ expec-tations influence conservative treatment in chronic low back pain?: A narrative review. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, (46), 395-403.
Behm, D., y Colado, J. (2012). The effectiveness of resistance training using unstable surfaces and devices for rehabili-tation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 7(2), 226-41. doi:PMC3325639
Billat, V. (2002). Fisiología y metodología del entrenamiento. De la teoría a la práctica. Barcelona: Paidotribo.
Bizzoca, D., Solarino, G., Pulcrano, A., Brunetti, G., Moretti, A., Moretti, L., . . . Moretti, B. (2023). Gender-related issues in the management of low-back pain: A current concepts review. Clinics and Practice, 13(6), 1360-1368. doi:10.3390/clinpract13060122
Borreani, S., Calatayud, J., Martin, J., Colado, J. C., Tella, V., & Behm, D. (2014). Exercise intensity progression for exercises performed on unstable and stable platforms based on ankle muscle activation. Gait & posture, 39(1), 404-409. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.006 [doi]
Boutellier, A., Nüesch, C., Suter, P., Perrot, G., y Mündermann, A. (2022). Trunk muscle function and its association with functional limitations in sedentary occupation workers with and without chronic nonspecific low back pain. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 35(4), 783-791. doi:10.3233/BMR-200269
Cáceres, A., Vera, M., Alfonso-Mora, M., González, P., Méndez, J., Becerra, A., . . . Martín, R. (2023). Relación entre la exposición a pantallas, el comportamiento sedentario y el dolor musculoesquelético en adolescentes: Revi-sión sistemática. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, (50), 1064-1070. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99865
Calatayud, J., Borreani, S., Martin, J., Martin, F., Flandez, J., & Colado, J. (2015). Core muscle activity in a series of balance exercises with different stability conditions. Gait & posture, 42(2), 186-192. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.05.008 [doi]
Calvo-Muñoz, I., Gómez-Conesa, A., y Sánchez-Meca, J. (2012). [Prevalence of low back pain during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review]. Revista Española De Salud Pública, 86(4), 331-356. doi:10.4321/S1135-57272012000400003
Castillo, M. (2000). La importancia de la educación postural en escolares como método de prevención del dolor de espalda. Medicina General, , 464-466.
Colado, J., Pablos, C., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Garcia-Masso, X., Flandez, J., & Behm, D. (2011). The progression of paraspinal muscle recruitment intensity in localized and global strength training exercises is not based on instability alone. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92(11), 1875-1883. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.05.015 [doi]
Crisswell, E. (2010). Cram's introduction to surface electromyography, 2d ed. Portland: Ringgold, Inc.
Durall, C., Udermann, B., Johansen, D., Gibson, B., Reineke, D., y Reuteman, P. (2009). The effects of preseason trunk muscle training on low-back pain occurrence in women collegiate gymnasts. Journal of Strength and Condition-ing Research, 23(1), 86-92. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818b93ac
Fanucchi, G., Stewart, A., Jordaan, R., y Becker, P. (2009). Exercise reduces the intensity and prevalence of low back pain in 12-13 year old children: A randomised trial. The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 55(2), 97-104. doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(09)70039-x
Gallego, C., Martín, J., Ruiz, L., y Ros, C. (2018). Pain perception in clarinetists with playing-related pain after im-plementing a specific exercise program. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 33(4), 238-242. doi:10.21091/mppa.2018.4035
Gallego, C., Ros, C., Ruiz, L., y Martín, J. (2019). La preparación física del músico. revisión sistemática. Sportis (A Coruña), 5(3), 532-561. doi:10.17979/sportis.2019.5.3.5536
García, A. (2019). Descripción del morfotipo raquídeo en diferentes posiciones en tenistas jóvenes. Retos: Nuevas Ten-dencias En Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, (36), 174-184. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.65707
González-Gálvez, N., Carrasco-Poyatos, M., Vaquero-Cristóbal, R., y Marcos-Pardo, P. J. (2022). Dolor de espalda en adolescentes: Factores asociados desde un enfoque multifactorial (back pain in adolescents: Associated factors with a multifactorial approach). Retos, 43, 81-87. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.87389
Hill, J., y Keating, J. (2015). Daily exercises and education for preventing low back pain in children: Cluster random-ized controlled trial. Physical Therapy, 95(4), 507-516. doi:10.2522/ptj.20140273
Hlaing, S., Puntumetakul, R., Khine, E., y Boucaut, R. (2021). Effects of core stabilization exercise and strengthening exercise on proprioception, balance, muscle thickness and pain related outcomes in patients with subacute nonspe-cific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(1), 998. doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04858-6
Jones, G., y Macfarlane, G. (2005). Epidemiology of low back pain in children and adolescents. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 90(3), 312-316. doi:10.1136/adc.2004.056812
Kahn, J., Huang, B., Gillman, M., Field, A., Austin, S., y Colditz, G. (2008). Patterns and determinants of physical activity in US adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 42(4), 369-377. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.11.143
Kato, K., Otoshi, K., Tominaga, R., Kaga, T., Igari, T., Sato, R., y Konno, S. (2022). Influences of limited flexibility of the lower extremities and occurrence of low back pain in adolescent baseball players: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Orthopaedic Science: Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, 27(2), 355-359. doi:10.1016/j.jos.2021.01.008
Kędra, A., Plandowska, M., Kędra, P., y Czaprowski, D. (2021). Physical activity and low back pain in children and adolescents: A systematic review. European Spine Journal: Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the Europe-an Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 30(4), 946-956. doi:10.1007/s00586-020-06575-5
Kim, B., y Yim, J. (2020). Core stability and hip exercises improve physical function and activity in patients with non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 251(3), 193-206. doi:10.1620/tjem.251.193
Kim, G., y Ha, S. (2015). Reliability of the modified thomas test using a lumbo-plevic stabilization. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(2), 447-449. doi:10.1589/jpts.27.447
Korovessis, P., Koureas, G., y Papazisis, Z. (2004). Correlation between backpack weight and way of carrying, sagittal and frontal spinal curvatures, athletic activity, and dorsal and low back pain in schoolchildren and adolescents. Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques, 17(1), 33-40. doi:10.1097/00024720-200402000-00008
Langlade, A. (1990). Gimnasia especial correctiva. Buenos Aires: Estadium.
Liebenson, C. (1999). Manual de rehabilitación de la columna vertebral. Barcelona: Paidotribo.
Liu, Y., y Wang, Y. (2023). A comparative study of the efficacy of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and massage techniques in patients with patellofemoral joint pain. Frontiers in Medicine, 10, 1305733. doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1305733
Matheve, T., Hodges, P., y Danneels, L. (2023). The role of back muscle dysfunctions in chronic low back pain: State-of-the-art and clinical implications. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(17), 5510. doi:10.3390/jcm12175510
McGill, S. (2001). Low back stability: From formal description to issues for performance and rehabilitation. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 29(1), 26-31. doi:10.1097/00003677-200101000-00006
McGill, S., Childs, A., y Liebenson, C. (1999). Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: Clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 80(8), 941-944. doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(99)90087-4
Michaleff, Z., Kamper, S., Maher, C., Evans, R., Broderick, C., y Henschke, N. (2014). Low back pain in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of conservative interventions. European Spine Journal: Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 23(10), 2046-2058. doi:10.1007/s00586-014-3461-1
Minghelli, B., Nunes, C., y Oliveira, R. (2021a). Back school postural education program: Comparison of two types of interventions in improving ergonomic knowledge about postures and reducing low back pain in adolescents. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4434. doi:10.3390/ijerph18094434
Minghelli, B., Nunes, C., y Oliveira, R. (2021b). Effectiveness of a back school and postural education program on the improvement of literacy about postures and low back pain in adolescents: A 1-year follow-up study. Journal of Orthopaedic Science: Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, 26(4), 543-547. doi:10.1016/j.jos.2020.05.014
Moreira, R., Akagi, F., Wun, P., Moriguchi, C., y Sato, T. (2012). Effects of a school based exercise program on chil-dren's resistance and flexibility. Work (Reading, Mass.), 41 Suppl 1, 922-928. doi:10.3233/WOR-2012-0264-922
Mutlu, C., Birinci, T., Senel, A., Mustafaoglu, R., Bulanık Koc, E., Karacetin, G., y Kaya Mutlu, E. (2023). A multi-dimensional assessment of internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: A case-control study. Work (Read-ing, Mass.), , 1089-1099. doi:10.3233/WOR-220652
Oliva-Lozano, J., y Muyor, J. (2020). Core muscle activity during physical fitness exercises: A systematic review. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4306. doi:10.3390/ijerph17124306
Parodi, C., Ojeda, C., Silva, T., Valdés, A., Rojas, F., y Mendoza, C. (2023). Creencias sobre el dolor lumbar en estudiantes de fisioterapia. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, (49), 245-251. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.98042
Portela-Pino, I., Valverde-Esteve, T., y Martínez-Patiño, M. J. (2021). Age as a determining variable in the practice or abandonment of physical exercise among young people. PloS One, 16(6), e0253750. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253750
Ribas, J., Gomes, M., Montes, A., Ribas, C., y Duarte, J. (2022). Resolution of chronic lower back pain symptoms through high-intensity therapeutic exercise and motor imagery program: A case-report. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 38(10), 1545-1552. doi:10.1080/09593985.2020.1839985
Rodríguez-García, P. L., López-Miñarro, P. A., y Santonja, F. M. (2013). The effect of school physical education programmes on low-back pain in school children. Journal of Physical Education & Health-Social Perspective, 4(2), 43-48. doi:https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:79409593
Ruiz-Ariza, A., de la Torre Cruz, M. J., Serrano, S. L., Oyarzún, J. C., y López, E. J. M. (2021). Analysis of the effect size of overweight in speed-agility test among adolescents reference values according to sex, age and BMI. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte Y Recreación, (40), 157-163. doi:https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v1i40.79275
Sallis, J., McKenzie, T., Conway, T., Elder, J., Prochaska, J., Brown, M., . . . Alcaraz, J. (2003). Environmental in-terventions for eating and physical activity: A randomized controlled trial in middle schools. American Journal of Pre-ventive Medicine, 24(3), 209-217. doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00646-3
Schoenfeld, B., y Snarr, R. (2021). NSCA's essentials of personal training. Champaign: Human Kinetics.
SENIAM. (2017). Sensor locations. Recuperado de http://seniam.org/sensor_location.htm
Shaw, J., Jacobs, J., Van Dillen, L., Beneck, G., y Smith, J. (2024). Understanding the biering-sørensen test: Contrib-utors to extensor endurance in young adults with and without a history of low back pain. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology: Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology, 74, 102854. doi:10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102854
Slingerland, M., y Borghouts, L. (2011). Direct and indirect influence of physical education-based interventions on physical activity: A review. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 8(6), 866-878. doi:10.1123/jpah.8.6.866
Stoev, I., Powers, A., Puglisi, J., Munro, R., y Leonard, J. (2012). Sacroiliac joint pain in the pediatric population. Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics, 9(6), 602-607. doi:10.3171/2012.2.PEDS11220
Taşpınar, G., Angın, E., y Oksüz, S. (2023). The effects of pilates on pain, functionality, quality of life, flexibility and endurance in lumbar disc herniation. Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 12(1), e220144. doi:10.2217/cer-2022-0144
Telama, R. (2009). Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: A review. Obesity Facts, 2(3), 187-195. doi:10.1159/000222244
Valenciana, G. (2015). DECRETO 87/2015, de 5 de junio, del consell, por el que establece el currículo y desarrolla la ordenación general de la educación secundaria obligatoria y del bachillerato en la comunitat valenciana. Diari Oficial De La Comunitat Valenciana (DOCV), De, 10, 17437-18582.
Xu, C., Fu, Z., y Wang, X. (2021). Effect of transversus abdominis muscle training on pressure-pain threshold in pa-tients with chronic low back pain. BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation, 13(1), 35. doi:10.1186/s13102-021-00262-8
Young, I., Haig, A., y Yamakawa, K. (2006). The association between backpack weight and low back pain in children. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 19(1), 25-33. doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.06.005
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Retos
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
