Observação do estado de crescimento atrofiado com as habilidades motoras de crianças pequenas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107159Palavras-chave:
Locomotor skills, Object control skills, Basic motor skills, Nutritional status., Children DevelopmentResumo
Contexto: Os espirros são uma condição do crescimento infantil causada pela desnutrição crônica que dura um longo período de tempo. Esta condição pode causar atraso no crescimento físico e atrasos no desenvolvimento de habilidades motoras finas, habilidades motoras grossas, linguagem e habilidades sociais pessoais em crianças. Boas habilidades motoras permitem que as crianças realizem atividades diárias e têm grande impacto no futuro da criança. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as habilidades motoras de crianças com diagnóstico de estagnação. Método: Esta pesquisa aplica uma abordagem quantitativa descritiva com desenho de pesquisa transversal, com amostra composta por dois grupos de crianças (filhos) com um total de 31 crianças com critério de idade de 3 a 5 anos: o grupo com diagnóstico de coto masculino (N=12) e grupo coto feminino (N=19). As habilidades motoras das crianças foram medidas por meio do teste de habilidades motoras TGMD-2 (Teste de Desenvolvimento Motor Grosso-2), que foi testado quanto à validade e confiabilidade. O teste de Shapiro-Wilkoxon foi utilizado para verificar a distribuição normal dos dados. Resultados: Os resultados do estudo mostraram que houve diferença significativa entre crianças do sexo masculino e feminino com diagnóstico de troco (P<0,05). Crianças com diagnóstico de espirros femininos apresentam habilidades motoras inferiores com um quantum motor grosso médio de x̄87, enquanto crianças com diagnóstico de espirros quintitativos apresentam um quantum motor grosso de X̄85,9. Nas crianças do sexo masculino, o maior desempenho foi na habilidade de golpear com valor de ±4,25, enquanto o menor desempenho ocorreu no galope com valor de 2,00. Para as meninas com estagnação, o maior desempenho foi na habilidade de controle de objeto ao acertar uma bola parada com valor ±3,53, enquanto o menor desempenho foi na habilidade galope com valor ≤1,32. Em termos de habilidades motoras, os meninos normais apresentam melhor desempenho que as meninas em saltar, saltar e deslizar (P<0,05). Em relação às habilidades motoras, as crianças com distúrbios motores do sexo masculino obtiveram melhores resultados que as do sexo feminino (P<0,05). Conclusão: Neste estudo, crianças com mesmo estado nutricional e gêneros diferentes (filhos) apresentaram determinadas características nas habilidades motoras básicas (HFM), indicando que foram influenciadas pelo estado nutricional e pelo gênero. Meninos e meninas com status estagnado tendem a ter menos habilidades no desempenho de algumas características do processo de algumas habilidades do que outras, mas podem ter melhor desempenho em outras habilidades. Isto sugere que certos grupos populacionais podem necessitar de atenção especial em intervenções para melhorar os seus níveis básicos de habilidade motora. Pesquisas adicionais proporcionarão maior clareza para melhorar as intervenções direcionadas às habilidades motoras básicas.
Palavras-chave: Habilidades locomotoras; Habilidades de controle de objetos; Habilidades motoras básicas; Menino; Desenvolvimento; Condição nutricional.
Referências
Águila Soto, C., & José López Vargas, J. (2019). Cuerpo, corporeidad y educación: una mirada reflexiva desde la Educación Física Body, corporeality and education: a reflective look from Physical Education (Vol. 35). Retrieved from www.retos.org
Akombi, B.J., Agho, KE, Hall, J.J., Merom, D., Astell-Burt, T., & Renzaho, A.M.N. (2017). Stunting and severe stunting among children under-5 years in Nigeria: A multilevel analysis. BMC Pediatrics, 17(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0770-z
Anastasia, A., Anggraini, N., Yusril, A., Bastyan, I., Herfizal, LN, & Hardjati, S. (2024). CHILDREN'S PARENTING AS A STUNTING PREVENTION MEASURE THROUGH THE GREAT PARENTS SCHOOL PROGRAM. 6(2020), 2492–2501.
Antunes Moura, RT, Bueno, NB, Silva-Neto, LGR, Pureza, IR de OM, Silva, MGV da, Cabral, MJ, & Florêncio, TM de MT (2022). Red propolis supplementation does not decrease acute respiratory events in stunted preschool children: A paired nonrandomized clinical trial. ESPEN Clinical Nutrition, 50, 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.05.005
Arini, D., Mayasari, AC, & Rustam, MZA (2019). Motor and Cognitive Development Disorders in Toodler Children with Stunting in the Coastal Area of Surabaya. Journal of Health Science and Prevention, 3(2), 122–128.
Arruda, RCBF de, Tassitano, RM, da Silva Brito, AL, de Sousa Martins, OS, Cabral, PC, & de Castro Antunes, MM (2022). Physical activity, sedentary time and nutritional status in Brazilian children with cerebral palsy. Jornal de Pediatria, 98(3), 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.07.005
Aye, T., Kuramoto-Ahuja, T., Sato, T., Sadakiyo, K., Watanabe, M., & Maruyama, H. (2018). Gross motor skill development of kindergarten children in Japan. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 30(5), 711–715. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.30.711
Bakhtiar, S. (2014). Fundamental motorbike skills among 6-year-old children in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Asian Social Science, 10(5), 155–158. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n5p155
Bangelesa, F., Hatløy, A., Mbunga, BK, Mutombo, PB, Matina, MK, Akilimali, PZ, … Mapatano, MA (2023). Is stunting in children under five associated with the state of vegetation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo? Secondary analysis of Demographic Health Survey data and the satellite-derived leaf area index. Heliyon, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13453
Chaeroni, A., Komaini, A., Pranoto, NW, & Antoni, D. (2022). The Effect of Physical Activity Programs and School Environments on Movement Activities and Mental Health. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(2), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100201
Corrêa, E.M., Gallo, C. de O., Antunes, J.L.F., & Jaime, P.C. (2023). The tendency of stunting among children under five in the Northern Region of Brazil, according to the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, 2008-2017. Jornal de Pediatria, 99(2), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2022.07.006
Dapp, L. C., Gashaj, V., & Roebers, C. M. (2021). Physical activity and motor skills in children: A differentiated approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 54(February), 101916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101916
Engel, A., Hardy, L., Broderick, C., van Doorn, N., Ward, R., Kwai, N., & Parmenter, B. (2022). Effect of a Fundamental Motor Skills Intervention on Fundamental Motor Skills and Physical Activity in a Preschool Setting: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatric Exercise Science, 34(2), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1123/PES.2021-0021
Fonseka, R.W., McDougal, L., Raj, A., Reed, E., Lundgren, R., Urada, L., & Silverman, J.G. (2022). Measuring the impacts of maternal child marriage and maternal intimate partner violence and the moderating effects of proximity to conflict on stunting among children under 5 in post-conflict Sri Lanka. SSM - Population Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101074
Fufa, D. A. (2022). Determinants of stunting in children under five years in dibate district of Ethiopia: A case-control study. Human Nutrition and Metabolism, 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200162
Ghadiri, F., Bahmani, M., Paulson, S., & Sadeghi, H. (2022). Effects of fundamental movement skills based dual-task and dance training on single- and dual-task walking performance in older women with dementia. Geriatric Nursing, 45, 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.03.003
Griffiths, A., Toovey, R., Morgan, P. E., & Spittle, A. J. (2018). Psychometric properties of gross motor assessment tools for children: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 8(10), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021734
Haris, F., Alnedral, Taufan, J., Aulia, F., & Gusril. (2023). The effect of Motor Coordination Learning (MCL) based on a combination of e-book and QR-Code media with sign language to improve Basic Movement Skills (BMS) in deaf children: An inclusion education research. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(12), 3349–3355. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12383
Henrique, PPB, Perez, F.M.P., Dorneles, G., Peres, A., Korb, A., Elsner, V., & De Marchi, A.C.B. (2023). Exergame and/or conventional training-induced neuroplasticity and cognitive improvement by engaging epigenetic and inflammatory modulation in elderly women: A randomized clinical trial. Physiology and Behavior, 258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113996
Ihsan, N., Tri Mario, D., & Mardesia, P. (2023). The effect of learning methods and motor skills on the learning outcomes of basic techniques in volleyball. Journal of Physical Education and Sport ® (JPES), 23(9), 2453–2460. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.09282
Kofinti, R.E., Koomson, I., Paintsil, J.A., & Ameyaw, E.K. (2022). Reducing children's malnutrition by increasing mothers' health insurance coverage: A focus on stunting and underweight across 32 sub-Saharan African countries. Economic Modelling, 117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2022.106049
Komaini, A., & Mardela, R. (2018). Differences of Fundamental Motor Skills Stunting and Non Stunting Preschool Children in Kindergarten in North Padang. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 335(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/335/1/012131
Konyole, SO, Omollo, SA, Kinyuru, JN, Owuor, BO, Estambale, BB, Ritz, C., … Grenov, B. (2023). Associations between Stunting, Wasting and Body Composition: A Longitudinal Study in 6- to 15-Month-Old Kenyan Children. Journal of Nutrition, 153(4), 970–978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.014
Leroy, J. L., & Frongillo, E. A. (2019). Perspective: What Does Stunting Really Mean? A Critical Review of the Evidence. Advances in Nutrition, 10(2), 196–204. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy101
Lewis, J.I., Friis, H., Mupere, E., Wells, J.C., & Grenov, B. (2023). Calibration of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Against Deuterium Dilution for Body Composition Assessment in Stunted Ugandan Children. Journal of Nutrition, 153(2), 426–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.12.028
Lopes, V.P., Martins, S.R., Gonçalves, C., Cossio-Bolaños, M.A., Gómez-Campos, R., & Rodrigues, L.P. (2022). Motor competence predicts self-esteem during childhood in typical developing children. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102256
López-Valenciano, A., Ayala, F., De Ste Croix, M., Barbado, D., & Vera-Garcia, F.J. (2019). Different neuromuscular parameters influence dynamic balance in male and female football players. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 27(3), 962–970. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-018-5088-y
Luengo, M.H., Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pozuelo-Carrascosa, D.P., Berlanga-Macías, C., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., & Notario-Pacheco, B. (2019). Relationship between breast feeding and motor development in children: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029063
Mastuti, NLPH, & Indahwati, L. (2021). The Effect of Stunting on the Development of Fine Motor, Gross Motor, Language and Social Personality in Toddlers Aged 2-5 Years in Madiredo Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency. Journal of Issues In Midwifery, 5(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.joim.2021.005.03.2
McCoy, S. W., Palisano, R., Avery, L., Jeffries, L., Laforme Fiss, A., Chiarello, L., & Hanna, S. (2020). Physical, occupational, and speech therapy for children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 62(1), 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14325
Michel, E., & Molitor, S. (2022). Fine motor skill automatization and working memory in children with and without potential fine motor impairments: An exploratory study. Human Movement Science, 84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2022.102968
Niemistö, D., Finni, T., Haapala, E.A., Cantell, M., & Sääkslahti, A. (2019). Environmental correlates of motor skills in children – the Skilled Kids Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1–17.
Oberer, N., Gashaj, V., & Roebers, C. M. (2017). Motor skills in kindergarten: Internal structure, cognitive correlates and relationships to background variables. Human Movement Science, 52, 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2017.02.002
Oktavia, D., Bali, M., Rahman, H., Umar, U., Syakroni, A., & Widat, F. (2019). Exploration of Fine Motor Skills through the Application of Paint. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.8-12-2018.2284038
Opie, G.M., Pourmajidian, M., Ziemann, U., & Semmler, J.G. (2020). Investigating the influence of paired-associative stimulation on multi-session skill acquisition and retention in older adults. Clinical Neurophysiology, 131(7), 1497–1507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2020.04.010
Phytanza, D.T.P., Burhaein, E., & Pavlovic, R. (2021). Gross motor skills levels in children with autism spectrum disorder during the covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(4), 738–745. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090418
Pranoto, NW, Chaeroni, A., Rifki, MS, Ilham, & Susanto, N. (2023). The Effects of Inactivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychomotor Skills of Kindergarten Students. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.52547/aassjournal.1162
Pranoto, NW, Ma'mun, A., Mulyana, M., & Kusmaedi, N. (2021). The effect of fundamental motor skills intervention program on kindergarten students. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(3), 583–589. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090326
Pranoto, NW, Sibomana, A., Ndayisenga, J., Chaeroni, A., Fauziah, V., Susanto, N., … Rayendra, R. (2023). Development of a disaster mitigation learning program for kindergarten students through physical fun games. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(12), 3228–3234. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.12369
Sadler, K., James, P.T., Bhutta, Z.A., Briend, A., Isanaka, S., Mertens, A., … Wells, J.C. (2022). How Can Nutrition Research Better Reflect the Relationship Between Wasting and Stunting in Children? Learnings from the Wasting and Stunting Project. Journal of Nutrition, 152(12), 2645–2651. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac091
Sah, O., Maguire, A., & Zohoori, F. V. (2022). Fractional urinary fluoride excretion and nail fluoride concentrations in normal, wasted and stunted 4–5 year-old children in Nepal. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126876
Saidmamatov, O.A., Nascimento, M.M., Cerqueira, J.C., Rodrigues, P., & Vasconcelos, O. (2022). Motor skills training programs for children with developmental coordination disorder: Does gender matter? Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence, 70(4), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2022.03.001
Singh, K.J., Chiero, V., Kriina, M., Alee, N.T., & Chauhan, K. (2022). Identifying the trend of persistent cluster of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children under five years in northeastern states of India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101158
Soofi, SB, Ariff, S., Khan, G.N., Habib, A., Kureishy, S., Ihtesham, Y., … Bhutta, Z.A. (2022). Effectiveness of unconditional cash transfers combined with lipid-based nutrient supplement and/or behavior change communication to prevent stunting among children in Pakistan: a cluster randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 115(2), 492–502. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab341
stunting children - Search | ScienceDirect.com. (nd). Retrieved February 6, 2024, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?qs=stunting%20children
Taib, WRW, & Ismail, I. (2021). Evidence of stunting genes in Asian countries: A review. Meta Gene, 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100970
Tamir, TT, Techane, MA, Dessie, MT, & Atalell, KA (2022). Applied nutritional investigation spatial variation and determinants of stunting among children aged less than 5 years in Ethiopia: A spatial and multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2019. Nutrition, 103–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2022.111786
Udjaja, Y., Rumagit, RY, Gazali, W., & Deni, J. (2021). Healthy Elder: Brain Stimulation Game for the Elderly to Reduce the Risk of Dementia. Procedia Computer Science, 179, 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.12.013
Wardoyo, S., Nurjazuli, N., & Darundiati, YH (2022). Lead exposure and stunting incidents in children aged 3–5 years in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique, 34(2), 111–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2022.02.006
Welis, W., Darni, Khairuddin, Rifki, MS, & Chaeroni, A. (2022). Effect of Stunting Handling and Physical Activity on Motor Ability and Concentration of School Children. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(5), 1040–1046. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100522
Yendrizal, Kiram, Y., Yenes, R., Komaini, A., Ihsan, N., & Mario, D.T. (2023). Effect of weight training and motor skills on muscle strength: A factorial experimental design. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 23(6), 1416–1424. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2023.06173
Yuan, X., Zhong, X., Wang, C., Dai, Y., Yang, Y., & Jiang, C. (2023). Temporo-Parietal cortex activation during motor imagery in older adults: A case study of Baduanjin. Brain and Cognition, 173(November), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106103
Zeng, N., Ayyub, M., Sun, H., Wen, X., Xiang, P., & Gao, Z. (2017). Effects of physical activity on motor skills and cognitive development in early childhood: A systematic review. BioMed Research International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2760716
Zhou, L., Liang, W., He, Y., Duan, Y., Rhodes, R.E., Lippke, S., … Liu, Q. (2023). A school-family blended multi-component physical activity program for Fundamental Motor Skills Promotion Program for Obese Children (FMSPPOC): protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 369. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12889-023-15210-Z
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Retos
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
