Treino unipodal dos membros inferiores em cadeia fechada e o seu efeito nas assimetrias dos membros inferiores em jogadores juniores da seleção chilena de andebol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.111940Palavras-chave:
andebol, prevenção de lesões, treino pliométrico, treino de forçaResumo
Introdução. O andebol é um desporto de alta intensidade que impõe cargas assimétricas nas extremidades inferiores, principalmente em movimentos como saltos e fintas.
Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivo identificar assimetrias e avaliar o efeito de um programa de treino de força e potência de 12 semanas na capacidade de salto de jogadores juniores da selecção chilena de andebol.
Metodologia: Com um desenho quase experimental, foram aplicados exercícios de força e pliometria em 12 microciclos. Cada semana incluiu três sessões de 90 minutos antes do treino técnico-tático. Participaram 16 jogadores da categoria de juniores do sexo masculino, com uma média de idades de 20,6 ± 1,9 anos, um peso de 84,9 ± 8,4 kg e uma altura de 183,8 ± 5,1 cm, e uma experiência média de 9 ± 2 anos no andebol. Os testes de desempenho incluíram squat jump (SJ), counter motion jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ) de 30 cm e abalakov unipodal (ABK), utilizando a aplicação “My Jump 2”.
Resultados: Os resultados mostraram um aumento significativo da altura do salto em todos os testes (p < 0,05), com melhorias entre 12% e 17% no SJ, ABK, CMJ e DJ. A massa corporal variou 10% entre as avaliações inicial e final.
Discussão: Embora não tenham existido diferenças significativas nas assimetrias iniciais e finais, foi observada uma redução das disparidades de força e potência após o programa, melhorando o desempenho à altura do salto.
Conclusões: O programa de treino diminuiu ligeiramente as assimetrias e gerou melhorias significativas na capacidade de salto bipodal em jovens jogadores de andebol.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Fernando Barraza-Gómez, Roberto Garcés-Cariglio, Antonio López-Fuenzalida, Claudio Lira-Mendiguren, Eduardo Báez-San Martín
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