Comparación entre los efectos de diferentes protocolos de tratamiento resistido sobre parámetros cardiovasculares clínicos y ambulatorios de idosos hipertensos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.113245Palabras clave:
Hipertensión arterial, restricción del flujo sanguíneo, presión arterial, entrenamiento de fuerzaResumen
Introducción: El entrenamiento resistido (ER) proporciona numerosos beneficios musculoesqueléticos y funcionales, siendo recomendado para ancianos hipertensos. Los efectos del ER con restricción del flujo sanguíneo (RFS) han sido poco estudiados en esta población.
Objetivo: Comparar los efectos del ER recomendado por las Directrices Brasileñas de Hipertensión Arterial con los del ER con RFS sobre las variables cardiovasculares clínicas y ambulatorias en ancianos hipertensos.
Metodología: Ancianos hipertensos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a dos grupos experimentales: Sin RFS (N=14) y Con RFS (N=13). Los grupos participaron en un período de intervención (10 semanas de ER, con 2 sesiones/semana, realizando 4 ejercicios de forma unilateral, 3 series hasta la fatiga moderada, con un intervalo de 90 segundos entre series). El grupo Sin RFS realizó el ER con una intensidad del 50% de 1RM. El grupo Con RFS realizó el ER con una intensidad del 30% de 1RM, utilizando manguitos inflados al 70% de la presión total de oclusión del flujo sanguíneo. Antes y después del período de intervención, los voluntarios fueron sometidos a evaluaciones de presión arterial y frecuencia cardíaca en condiciones clínicas y ambulatorias.
Resultados: En comparación con los valores previos a la intervención, ninguno de los tipos de ER produjo cambios en las variables cardiovasculares clínicas y ambulatorias (P>0,05). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos experimentales (P>0,05).
Conclusiones: Ninguno de los tipos de intervención generó cambios en las variables cardiovasculares clínicas y ambulatorias, por lo que no se encontraron diferencias entre los efectos del ER recomendado por las Directrices Brasileñas de Hipertensión Arterial y el ER con RFS en ancianos hipertensos.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Diego Alves dos Santos, Ciro José Brito, Danielle Lorentz Villaça, Alex Sandro Seccato, Susana América Ferreira, Diego Ignacio Valenzuela Pérez, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz, Andréia Cristiane Carrenho Queiroz
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