Relación entre composición corporal y condición física en niños y adolescentes del noroeste de México

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.113985

Palabras clave:

Adolescentes;, composición corporal, condición física, niños

Resumen

Introducción: La condición física y la composición corporal son indicadores claves de la salud y el rendimiento físico en niños y adolescentes.

Objetivo: Identificar la relación de la condición física con la composición corporal en niños y adolescentes del noroeste de México. 

Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo observacional, de tipo transversal y correlacional, realizado con 330 (192 mujeres y 138 hombres) niños y adolescentes de 9 a 15 años. Se utilizó bioimpedancia eléctrica para evaluar la composición corporal, el test 1RM para la fuerza máxima y la batería FITNESSGRAM para evaluar la condición física.

Resultados: La correlación entre composición y VO2max fue negativa moderada entre la grasa corporal (-.428), porcentaje de grasa corporal (-.398) e IMC (-.323). Se presentaron correlaciones fuertes entre la masa magra y la fuerza máxima en los hombres (-.732) y en el estado nutricional con los de bajo peso (-.809).

Discusión: Las correlaciones obtenidas de la fuerza máxima y el VO2max con la composición corporal fueron semejantes a las presentadas en estudios similares. Donde se pudiera relacionar que a mayor índice de masa grasa menor eficiencia cardiovascular, y a mayor masa magra mayor rendimiento muscular.

Conclusiones: La grasa corporal y el IMC influyeron de manera negativa en el rendimiento de la condición física en los niños y adolescentes. La masa magra fue un predictor de rendimiento físico, reflejándose en los valores de fuerza máxima.

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Publicado

01-04-2025

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Horta-Gim, M. A., Rendon del Cid, P. A., Vega Orozco, S. I., Horta Gim, V. H., & Romero Pérez, E. M. (2025). Relación entre composición corporal y condición física en niños y adolescentes del noroeste de México. Retos, 66, 1085-1093. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.113985