Patrones de actividad física en mujeres jordanas y húngaras: un estudio comparativo de los ámbitos y niveles de actividad física

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117912

Palabras clave:

Comparación intercultural, Jordania y Hungría, dominios de actividad física, salud de la mujer

Resumen

Introducción. La inactividad física representa un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, y las mujeres presentan sistemáticamente niveles de actividad más bajos que los hombres. Más allá del volumen total de actividad física, es esencial analizar los dominios en los que esta se desarrolla —ocio, transporte, ocupacional y doméstico—, ya que los patrones de participación están fuertemente condicionados por factores socioculturales.

Objetivo. Comparar los niveles totales de actividad física y los patrones específicos por dominio entre mujeres adultas de Jordania y Hungría.

Metodología. Se realizó un estudio comparativo transversal con 800 mujeres de entre 18 y 45 años (Jordania: n = 399; Hungría: n = 401) residentes en Amán y Budapest. La actividad física se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). La actividad total se expresó en minutos MET por semana y se clasificó en niveles bajo, moderado y alto. Para el análisis de las diferencias entre grupos se utilizaron pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas (U de Mann-Whitney y Chi-cuadrado).

Resultados. Las mujeres húngaras mostraron niveles significativamente más altos de actividad física total que las mujeres jordanas (mediana de MET-min/semana: 918,0 vs. 464,3; p < 0,001) y una mayor adherencia a las recomendaciones de actividad física para la salud. Casi dos tercios de las mujeres jordanas se clasificaron en el nivel bajo de actividad. Se observaron diferencias claras por dominio: las mujeres húngaras acumularon actividad principalmente en el tiempo libre (91,8%) y el transporte activo (58,9%), mientras que las mujeres jordanas lo hicieron principalmente en los ámbitos ocupacional (69,9%) y doméstico (30,3) (p ≤ 0,001).

Conclusiones. Existen diferencias interculturales significativas en los niveles y dominios de la actividad física entre mujeres de Jordania y Hungría, lo que resalta la necesidad de intervenciones de salud pública adaptadas al contexto sociocultural.

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Publicado

14-01-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Takruri, L., Al-Sayyed, H., Banhidi, M., & Kilani, H. A. (2026). Patrones de actividad física en mujeres jordanas y húngaras: un estudio comparativo de los ámbitos y niveles de actividad física. Retos, 76, 346-358. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.117912