Análisis comparativo del rendimiento físico y fisiológico en atletas profesionales de tenis, tenis de mesa y bádminton

Autores/as

  • Irmantara Subagio Department of Sport Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Adi Pranoto Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4080-9245
  • Tomoliyus Tomoliyus Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Febriani Fajar Ekawati Study Program of Sport Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport, Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Kamal Firdaus Department of Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Andri Suyoko Department of Sport Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Awang Firmansyah Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Vega Candra Dinata Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Wildan Alfira Gusrianto Study Program of Nutrition, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Bekir Erhan Orhan Faculty of Sports Sciences, Istanbul Aydın University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118155

Palabras clave:

Deportes de raqueta, rendimiento físico, rendimiento fisiológico, acondicionamiento atlético, exigencias específicas del juego

Resumen

Introducción: Los deportes de raqueta como el tenis, el tenis de mesa y el bádminton presentan exigencias físicas y fisiológicas distintas, determinadas por las diferencias en la intensidad, la duración y las características técnicas de los partidos.

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los perfiles de rendimiento físico y las respuestas fisiológicas de atletas de élite de los tres deportes para identificar adaptaciones específicas de cada deporte y determinantes del rendimiento.

Metodología: Treinta atletas medallistas de oro provinciales (10 de tenis, 10 de tenis de mesa y 10 de bádminton) se sometieron a una evaluación integral que incluyó mediciones antropométricas, fuerza rotacional del tronco, métricas de rendimiento de la parte superior e inferior del cuerpo, resistencia muscular, coordinación de pies basada en la agilidad, así como biomarcadores fisiológicos como la respuesta de la frecuencia cardíaca, el VO₂máx, la concentración de hemoglobina y la glucosa en sangre en ayunas.

Resultados: Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los deportes. Los tenistas demostraron mayor fuerza rotacional del tronco, potencia de la parte superior del cuerpo, resistencia lumbar y capacidad aeróbica. Los jugadores de bádminton mostraron mayor agilidad, resistencia abdominal, coordinación de pies, potencia de la parte superior e inferior del cuerpo, velocidad, flexibilidad, niveles de hemoglobina y menor frecuencia cardíaca en reposo, en consonancia con la alta intensidad y los rápidos cambios de dirección propios de este deporte. En contraste, los jugadores de tenis de mesa exhibieron resultados físicos y fisiológicos comparativamente inferiores, acordes con los intercambios más cortos y el espacio de juego limitado de este deporte.

Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos subrayan los distintos perfiles de rendimiento en los deportes de raqueta y resaltan la necesidad de intervenciones de entrenamiento personalizadas para optimizar las capacidades físicas y fisiológicas de los atletas de élite.

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Publicado

02-03-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Subagio, I., Pranoto, A., Tomoliyus, T., Ekawati, F. F., Firdaus, K., Suyoko, A., Firmansyah, A., Dinata, V. C., Gusrianto, W. A., & Orhan, B. E. (2026). Análisis comparativo del rendimiento físico y fisiológico en atletas profesionales de tenis, tenis de mesa y bádminton. Retos, 76, 790-797. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118155