Los efectos agudos del ejercicio aeróbico en la Zona 2 sobre la actividad del nervio vago y la somnolencia postprandial en mujeres

Autores/as

  • Anaas Saadoon Hussein University of Middle Technical

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118411

Palabras clave:

Ejercicio en zona 2, Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, Nervio vago, Somnolencia postprandial, Mujeres

Resumen

Antecedentes: La somnolencia posprandial es un problema común en las mujeres, caracterizado por una disminución de la alerta después de las comidas debido a cambios autonómicos y metabólicos orientados a la digestión. El ejercicio aeróbico en la Zona 2, una actividad de intensidad moderada centrada en la oxidación de grasas, puede mejorar la actividad del nervio vago y contrarrestar esta somnolencia.

Objetivo: Este estudio examinó los efectos agudos del ejercicio aeróbico en la Zona 2 sobre la actividad del nervio vago y la somnolencia postprandial en mujeres.

Métodos: Veinte mujeres de entre 30 y 45 años fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental (n=10) o a un grupo de control (n=10). Después de consumir una comida estandarizada, el grupo experimental caminó en la cinta durante 40 minutos a una intensidad de Zona 2 (60–70% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima), mientras que el grupo de control descansó pasivamente. La actividad del nervio vago se evaluó utilizando la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (rMSSD), y la somnolencia se midió con la Escala de Somnolencia de Stanford. Se utilizaron pruebas t pareadas e independientes para el análisis, con tamaños del efecto calculados.

Resultados: El grupo experimental mostró mejoras significativas, con un aumento en el rMSSD y una reducción en la somnolencia, mientras que el grupo de control demostró una disminución en la actividad vagal y un aumento en la somnolencia. Las diferencias post-prueba entre los grupos fueron estadísticamente significativas con grandes tamaños de efecto.

Conclusión: El ejercicio aeróbico en la Zona 2 mejora eficazmente el tono vagal y reduce la somnolencia postprandial. Representa una estrategia práctica y no farmacológica para mejorar la alerta y el equilibrio autónomo en las mujeres.

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Publicado

18-02-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Hussein, A. S. (2026). Los efectos agudos del ejercicio aeróbico en la Zona 2 sobre la actividad del nervio vago y la somnolencia postprandial en mujeres. Retos, 78, 241-249. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118411