Relación entre la ingesta hídrica, la duración del entrenamiento y el gasto calórico en adultos físicamente activos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118435

Palabras clave:

Adultos, entrenamiento, gasto energético, hidratación, monitoreo fisiológico

Resumen

Introducción: La actividad física es un determinante clave para la salud cardiometabólica, siendo el gasto calórico un indicador operativo esencial de la dosis de entrenamiento en condiciones reales. Comprender sus predictores permite interpretar mejor la relación entre los hábitos de ejercicio y el balance energético.

Objetivo: Evaluar el peso predictivo y la relación directa de la ingesta hídrica y la duración de la sesión sobre el gasto calórico en adultos físicamente activos.

Metodología: Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño observacional transversal y alcance analítico-correlacional en 973 adultos. Las variables se obtuvieron mediante relojes inteligentes multimarca y anamnesis digital, analizándose los datos a través de correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal múltiple.

Resultados: Se identificó una asociación lineal positiva muy fuerte entre la duración y el gasto calórico (r = .908; p < .001) y una relación moderada con la ingesta hídrica (r = .357; p < .001). El modelo de regresión explicó el 83.5% de la varianza total, destacando la duración como el predictor de mayor magnitud (β = .877) frente a la hidratación (β = .108).

Discusión: Los hallazgos concordaron con estudios que señalan al volumen temporal como determinante central del gasto energético por encima de factores nutricionales. El rol de la hidratación se alineó con investigaciones que la sitúan como un facilitador fisiológico del rendimiento y no como un motor térmico directo.

Conclusiones: La duración de la sesión fue el predictor principal del gasto calórico, mientras que la hidratación actuó como soporte para la continuidad del esfuerzo. Las estrategias de salud pública deben priorizar la adherencia temporal al ejercicio para el control del balance energético.

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Publicado

02-03-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Valle Flores, J. A., León Cáceres, J. D. C., & Yaipen Ayca, A. (2026). Relación entre la ingesta hídrica, la duración del entrenamiento y el gasto calórico en adultos físicamente activos. Retos, 76, 120-130. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118435