Los efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico progresivo en el rendimiento de velocidad y la flexibilidad en el béisbol universitario

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118453

Palabras clave:

Pliometría, sprint, flexibilidad, béisbol

Resumen

Introducción: El rendimiento en el béisbol depende de la capacidad de sprint corto y la flexibilidad de las extremidades inferiores; sin embargo, la evidencia del entrenamiento pliométrico estructurado en jugadores universitarios es limitada.

Objetivo: Este estudio examinó un programa pliométrico progresivo de 8 semanas sobre el rendimiento en sprint lineal y la flexibilidad en atletas universitarios de béisbol.

Metodología: Veinticuatro jugadores universitarios de béisbol, todos con entrenamiento regular, fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un Grupo de Entrenamiento Pliométrico (GTP; n = 12) o a un Grupo de Entrenamiento Control (GCT; n = 12). El GTP completó un programa pliométrico de 8 semanas, con tres sesiones semanales, que incluían saltos con vallas, saltos múltiples y saltos con caída en 3-6 series por ejercicio, mientras que el GCT continuó con su entrenamiento habitual de béisbol y fuerza sin intervenciones adicionales. Resultados: El PTG mostró mejoras significativas en el rendimiento del sprint, con una disminución del tiempo de 10 m de 1,987 ± 0,125 s a 1,728 ± 0,132 s (p = 0,05), 20 m de 3,342 ± 0,162 s a 3,146 ± 0,143 s (p = 0,05), y 30 m de 4,578 ± 0,121 s a 4,120 ± 0,1087 s (p = 0,05). La flexibilidad de sentarse y alcanzar aumentó de 20,42 ± 2,56 cm a 22,40 ± 1,82 cm (p = 0,05). El CTG no mostró cambios estadísticamente significativos (p = 0,124–0,422). Discusión: Estos hallazgos indican que el entrenamiento pliométrico progresivo produce mejoras significativas en la aceleración y la flexibilidad de las extremidades inferiores, en comparación con el entrenamiento regular por sí solo.

Conclusiones: Se puede recomendar un programa pliométrico progresivo de 8 semanas como una estrategia de acondicionamiento eficaz para mejorar el rendimiento en velocidad y la flexibilidad en atletas de béisbol universitarios.

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Publicado

13-02-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Rihatno, T., Nuraini, S., Samsudin, S., Sujarwo, S., Sobandi, O. U., Ginanjar, S., Resmana, D., & Ramadhan, K. (2026). Los efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico progresivo en el rendimiento de velocidad y la flexibilidad en el béisbol universitario. Retos, 78, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118453