Análisis acústico de la intensidad vocal y los procesos de toma de decisiones en el arbitraje de Soft Tennis de nivel nacional: un estudio de métodos mixtos

Autores/as

  • Nathapol Thongthanapat Thailand National Sports University Yala Campus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118493

Palabras clave:

Arbitraje deportivo, gestión de juego, intensidad vocal, métodos mixtos, soft tennis

Resumen

Introducción: La Federación Internacional de Soft Tennis exige un canto "fuerte y claro" para el arbitraje; sin embargo, este requisito sigue siendo cualitativamente abstracto sin métricas acústicas empíricas.

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo cuantificar la intensidad vocal del canto de "out" entre árbitros de nivel nacional y dilucidar la lógica cognitiva que subyace a sus modulaciones vocales.

Metodología: Se empleó un diseño de métodos mixtos secuencial explicativo (CUAN → cual). Quince árbitros de nivel nacional (n = 15) participaron en una simulación de campo controlada en una cancha reglamentaria de Soft Tennis. La intensidad vocal (dBA) se midió utilizando un sonómetro de Clase 2 en tres condiciones: intensidad Adecuada (Base), Baja y Alta. Posteriormente, se realizaron entrevistas de recuerdo estimulado con una submuestra (n = 6) para explorar los procesos de toma de decisiones.

Resultados: El análisis cuantitativo reveló una jerarquía significativa en la producción vocal, F (2, 28) = 53.891, p < .001, ( = .794). Los cantos de alta intensidad alcanzaron la media más alta (103.83 ± 5.54 dB), mientras que los de baja intensidad (93.69 ± 3.39 dB) fueron significativamente menores que la línea base (98.33 ± 4.23 dB).

Discusión: Los hallazgos sugieren que la intensidad vocal no es un requisito físico estático, sino un instrumento estratégico dinámico. La alta intensidad sirve como un "muro psicológico" para la gestión de conflictos, mientras que la baja intensidad refleja "etiqueta social" y empatía durante errores obvios.

Conclusiones: Los árbitros modulan su voz basándose en las demandas situacionales. Estos hallazgos transforman los estándares de arbitraje de mandatos abstractos en referencias acústicas medibles, abogando por la integración de la competencia vocal en los programas de certificación de árbitros.

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Publicado

23-02-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Thongthanapat, N. (2026). Análisis acústico de la intensidad vocal y los procesos de toma de decisiones en el arbitraje de Soft Tennis de nivel nacional: un estudio de métodos mixtos. Retos, 78, 295-304. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v78.118493