Impacto de la rehabilitación multidisciplinaria en la calidad de vida de personas con disfunción tiroidea: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Munseef Sadaqa Assistant professor of physical therapy, Rehabilitation sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al al-BAYT University, El Mafraq, Jordon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-8914
  • Amira Ezzat Assistant professor of physical therapy, Rehabilitation sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al al-BAYT University, El Mafraq, Jordon https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5000-5729
  • Mohamed Tharwat Assistant Professor, Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of allied medical sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1412-5640
  • Emad Ghattas Assistant professor of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, Department of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, faculty of physical therapy, Suez canal university, ismailia governorate, Egypt https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2001-5246
  • Alshaimaa Ali Lecturer of physical therapy for cardiovascular/ respiratory disorders and geriatrics, Faculty of Physical therapy German international university https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4790-6945
  • Mai Rewisha Lecturer of physical therapy , Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Hertfordshire, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8185-2755
  • Yasmin Assim Lecturer of Physical Therapy for woman health, Department of Physical Therapy for woman health, Al-Ahram Canadian University, Egypt. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8318-5721
  • Doaa Mohammed Mahmoud Allam Lecturer of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0510-4657

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118520

Palabras clave:

Disfunción tiroidea, rehabilitación multidisciplinaria, fisioterapia, Baduanjin, calidad de vida

Resumen

Antecedentes: Las disfunciones de la glándula tiroides, como hipotiroidismo, hipertiroidismo, tiroiditis autoinmune y secuelas de la tiroidectomía, generan alteraciones multisistémicas que afectan la salud física, mental y social. Los síntomas persistentes fatiga, deterioro cognitivo, debilidad musculoesquelética, cambios metabólicos y trastornos de la voz reducen significativamente la calidad de vida (CdV). Aunque se han propuesto diversas terapias de rehabilitación como complemento al tratamiento médico, falta una síntesis integral de su impacto sobre la CdV.

Objetivo: Comparar la calidad de vida de personas con disfunción tiroidea antes y después de participar en programas de rehabilitación multimodal.

Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática hasta diciembre de 2025 en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL y la Biblioteca Cochrane. Se incluyeron ensayos controlados aleatorizados, estudios de cohorte y diseños cuasiexperimentales que evaluaran intervenciones de rehabilitación y reportaran resultados de CdV. El riesgo de sesgo se evaluó con RoB 2 para ECA y ROBINS-I para estudios no aleatorizados; la calidad metodológica se analizó con las escalas PEDro y Downs & Black.

Resultados: Quince estudios (n = 1728) cumplieron los criterios. Las intervenciones incluyeron ejercicio terapéutico, fisioterapia, electroterapia, terapia de voz, Baduanjin, terapia ocupacional, abordajes psicológicos y programas interdisciplinarios. Los mayores beneficios globales en CdV se observaron con programas interdisciplinarios. El ejercicio mejoró la función física y la fatiga; la terapia de voz optimizó los resultados vocales post-tiroidectomía; Baduanjin y las intervenciones psicológicas incrementaron el bienestar emocional.

Conclusión: La rehabilitación interdisciplinaria mejora de forma significativa la calidad de vida, la capacidad física, la voz y el funcionamiento emocional en adultos con disfunción tiroidea. Se requieren estudios estandarizados y de alta calidad para optimizar protocolos y evaluar efectos a largo plazo.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Munseef Sadaqa, Assistant professor of physical therapy, Rehabilitation sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al al-BAYT University, El Mafraq, Jordon

    Munseef Sadaqa

    Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan

    Email: m.sadaqa@aabu.edu.jo

    ORCID number:  0000-0001-5203-8914

  • Amira Ezzat, Assistant professor of physical therapy, Rehabilitation sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al al-BAYT University, El Mafraq, Jordon

    Dr. Amira Ezzat is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences at Al al-Bayt University, Jordan.
    Before joining Al al-Bayt University, she served as a Lecturer in the Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy at Heliopolis University in Cairo, and also worked as a Lecturer at New Salihiyah University in North East Cairo.
    Dr. Amira Ezzat has an extensive research background in musculoskeletal disorders, with particular focus on Forward Head Posture (FHP), core stability, and the use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the management of myofascial trigger points particularly in the upper trapezius muscle. She has authored and co-authored numerous scientific papers in these areas.
    She has participated in multiple physical therapy conferences, delivered numerous workshops and scientific seminars, and contributed to professional training activities related to musculoskeletal dysfunctions and shockwave applications in physical therapy.

  • Mohamed Tharwat, Assistant Professor, Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of allied medical sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan

    Mohamed Mohamed Tharwat

    Assistant Professor, Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of allied medical sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan

    M.salem@meu.edu.jo

    https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1412-5640

  • Emad Ghattas, Assistant professor of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, Department of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, faculty of physical therapy, Suez canal university, ismailia governorate, Egypt

    Emad makram ghattas

    Assistant professor of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, Department of physical therapy for surgery and burn and integumentary disorders, faculty of physical therapy, Suez canal university, ismailia governorate, Egypt

    https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2001-5246

     emadmakram2030@gmail.com

  • Alshaimaa Ali, Lecturer of physical therapy for cardiovascular/ respiratory disorders and geriatrics, Faculty of Physical therapy German international university

    Alshaimaa Alsayed Ali

     Lecturer of physical therapy for cardiovascular/ respiratory disorders and geriatrics, Faculty of Physical therapy German international university

     Alshaimaa.alsayed@giu-uni.de

  • Mai Rewisha, Lecturer of physical therapy , Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Hertfordshire, Cairo, Egypt

    M.M. Ahmed

    Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Hertfordshire, Cairo, Egypt

     0000-0001-8185-2755

    Dr.mai.rewisha@gmail.com

  • Yasmin Assim, Lecturer of Physical Therapy for woman health, Department of Physical Therapy for woman health, Al-Ahram Canadian University, Egypt.

     Yasmin Mohamed Assim Mohamed

    Email: yasmin.mohamed@acu.edu.eg

    Lecturer of Physical Therapy for woman health, Department of Physical Therapy for woman health, Al-Ahram Canadian University, Egypt.

     0009-0004-8318-5721

     

  • Doaa Mohammed Mahmoud Allam, Lecturer of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt

    Doaa Mohammed Mahmoud Allam

    Lecturer of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy for Internal Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt.

    Doaa_Alam@pt.kfs.edu.eg

    https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0510-4657

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Publicado

02-03-2026

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Vol. 76 (2026)

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Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

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Derechos de autor 2025 Munseef Sadaqa, Amira Ezzat, Mohamed Tharwat, Emad Ghattas, Alshaimaa Ali, Mai Rewisha, Yasmin Assim, Doaa Mohammed Mahmoud Allam

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Cómo citar

Sadaqa, M., Ezzat, A., Tharwat, M., Ghattas, E., Ali, A., Rewisha, M., Assim, Y., & Mahmoud Allam, D. M. (2026). Impacto de la rehabilitación multidisciplinaria en la calidad de vida de personas con disfunción tiroidea: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 76, 725-738. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118520