El impacto del análisis biomecánico en el rendimiento deportivo de los atletas de taekwondo: una revisión exploratoria

Autores/as

  • Armando Monterrosa Quintero Licenciatura en Educación Fisica, Recreación y Deportes, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva.
  • Oscar Alfredo Montenegro Arjona Universidad Surcolombiana
  • Felipe Poblete Valderrama Universidad Catolica de la Satisima concepción

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.113185

Palabras clave:

Atletas, cinemático, cinético, arte marcial, rendimiento

Resumen

Introducción: el análisis biomecánico desempeña un papel fundamental en la mejora del rendimiento deportivo y la prevención de lesiones, ya que engloba métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos para evaluar técnicas y tácticas en taekwondo.

Objetivo: indagar los avances tecnológicos recientes aplicados al taekwondo desde una perspectiva biomecánica, centrándose en los aspectos cinemáticos y cinéticos, basándose en estudios publicados en los últimos cinco años.

Metodología: Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva que analizó las evaluaciones biomecánicas que contribuyen a mejorar el rendimiento deportivo mediante técnicas y tácticas optimizadas. Resultados: las variables como la velocidad de balanceo del brazo y el ángulo de la articulación de la rodilla son cruciales para técnicas de salto efectivas. Además, la evaluación precisa de la fuerza de impacto es esencial para la monitorización del rendimiento. También, se observaron diferencias de rendimiento en función de la experiencia, la categoría de peso y el género. Los atletas de élite demuestran mayores fuerzas de impacto y tiempos de ejecución más rápidos. Los medallistas muestran tiempos de reacción superiores, movilidad de cadera y características antropométricas favorables.

Conclusiones: La integración de tecnologías biomecánicas en el entrenamiento mejora la eficacia técnica, favorece la prevención de lesiones y permite estrategias individualizadas. Estos conocimientos proporcionan base sólida para futuras investigaciones y aplicaciones en la optimización del rendimiento en taekwondo.

Biografía del autor/a

Oscar Alfredo Montenegro Arjona, Universidad Surcolombiana

PhD in Physical Activity and Sport, Full Time Professor, Leader of ALTIUS Research Group, Head Curriculum Coordinator, Physical Education, Recreation, and Sports Program, Universidad Surcolombiana

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Publicado

2025-06-06

Cómo citar

Monterrosa Quintero, A., Montenegro Arjona, O. A., & Poblete Valderrama, F. (2025). El impacto del análisis biomecánico en el rendimiento deportivo de los atletas de taekwondo: una revisión exploratoria. Retos, 68, 991–1000. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.113185

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

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