El modelo de desarrollo de necesidades psicológicas influye en las intenciones de los estudiantes hacia la actividad física
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.113527Palabras clave:
Intenciones conductuales, Motivación intrínseca, Necesidades psicológicas, Actividad físicaResumen
Objetivo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo construir un modelo integral que pueda explicar y predecir las intenciones de los estudiantes universitarios chinos de participar en actividad física, basado en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (SDT) y la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado (TPB).
Métodos. Este estudio seleccionó cuatro universidades de Chengdu, China, para un muestreo aleatorio, con un total de 512 estudiantes universitarios completando el cuestionario. Se utilizó el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para examinar las hipótesis de investigación.
Resultados. La necesidad psicológica, que incluye autonomía, relación y competencia, facilita la motivación intrínseca para hacer ejercicio entre los estudiantes. Además, la necesidad psicológica y la motivación intrínseca también juegan un papel importante en la influencia de la actitud y el comportamiento de los estudiantes hacia las actividades físicas.
Conclusiones. Los estudiantes que experimentan una mayor autonomía en la elección de sus entrenamientos, competencia en sus habilidades y relación a través del apoyo de sus compañeros son más propensos a desarrollar hábitos de ejercicio a largo plazo. Este estudio contribuye teóricamente al extender la TPB con componentes de la SDT, proporcionando una comprensión más integral de la motivación para el ejercicio. Ofrece perspectivas para universidades, profesionales del fitness y organizaciones de salud para diseñar intervenciones que fomenten la motivación, el compromiso social y la accesibilidad en los programas de ejercicio.
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