Efectividad de los ejercicios de marcha dinámica sobre el control glucémico y la movilidad en adultos mayores con diabetes

Autores/as

  • Diovin Derose Vianni Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
  • Shenbaga Sundaram Subramanian Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-0928
  • Surya Vishnuram Saveetha College of Physiotherapy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
  • Syed Abudaheer K Rathinam College of Physiotherapy, Echanari, Coimbatore – 21
  • Abdel Razzaq Al Hadidi Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
  • Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Ahmed Fekry Salman Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Jordan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114283

Palabras clave:

Diabetes mellitus; Dynamic gait exercises; Functional mobility; Glycemic control; Quality of life

Resumen

Introducción: Se han propuesto los ejercicios de marcha dinámica como estrategia para mejorar la estabilidad de la marcha y el control metabólico en adultos mayores con diabetes. Sin embargo, no se ha investigado completamente la efectividad comparativa entre ejercicios dinámicos y programas tradicionales.

Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de los ejercicios de marcha dinámica sobre la capacidad de caminar y el control glucémico en adultos mayores con diabetes, y comparar estos resultados con los de programas tradicionales.

Metodología: Ensayo controlado aleatorizado con sesenta participantes asignados aleatoriamente a dos grupos de treinta. Se registraron puntuaciones del Índice de Marcha Dinámica, niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada de historias clínicas y calidad de vida según el cuestionario SF-12, antes y después de una intervención de doce semanas.

Resultados: En el grupo de marcha dinámica, el DGI mejoró de 16.24 ± 2.30 a 23.85 ± 1.87, la HbA1c bajó de 8.32 ± 0.32 a 5.78 ± 0.22 y el SF-12 subió de 49.26 ± 6.10 a 67.86 ± 5.54. Todos los cambios fueron significativos (p < 0.001).

Discusión: Estos resultados coinciden con estudios que muestran que el entrenamiento de marcha mejora la coordinación neuromuscular y el control metabólico.

Conclusión: El entrenamiento de marcha dinámica debe integrarse en programas de rehabilitación para mejorar movilidad y control glucémico en adultos mayores con diabetes.

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Publicado

07-05-2025

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Derose Vianni, D., Sundaram Subramanian, S., Vishnuram, S., Abudaheer K, S., Razzaq Al Hadidi, A., Mustafa Gaowgzeh, R. A., & Fekry Salman, A. (2025). Efectividad de los ejercicios de marcha dinámica sobre el control glucémico y la movilidad en adultos mayores con diabetes . Retos, 67, 1116-1124. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114283