Efecto del ejercicio en cinta de correr cuesta arriba sobre la terapia estándar para la rigidez de los isquiotibiales en pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla en el Hospital Gene-ral Dr. Soetomo de Surabaya

Autores/as

  • Taurisia Kristiani Universitas Airlangga
  • Damayanti Tinduh Airlangga University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6604-8152
  • I Putu Alit Pawana Airlangga University
  • Soenarnatalina Melaniani Airlangga University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.115899

Palabras clave:

Tensión en los isquiotibiales, osteoartritis, rodilla, cinta de correr, actividad

Resumen

Introducción: La osteoartritis de rodilla causa contracción muscular excesiva durante la marcha, aumento de la tensión muscular y cambios en la rigidez muscular relacionados con la tensión de los isquiotibiales. La Elevación Recta de Pierna (SLR) se utiliza para evaluar la tensión de los isquiotibiales usando un inclinómetro de gravedad.

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del ejercicio en cinta rodante inclinada añadido a la terapia estándar sobre la tensión de los isquiotibiales en pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla grado II-III.

Metodología: El grupo control recibió terapia estándar (TENS y banco Q), mientras que el grupo de tratamiento recibió terapia estándar más ejercicio en cinta rodante inclinada. El entrenamiento se realizó 2 veces/semana durante 5 semanas. El ejercicio en cinta rodante inclinada se proporcionó con una inclinación de 8 grados, velocidad de 1.1 m/s, durante 30 minutos. Las mediciones SLR mediante inclinómetro de gravedad (valor < 80° indica tensión isquiotibial) se tomaron al inicio del estudio, inmediatamente después del último ejercicio y 20 días después de la finalización.

Resultados: El grupo de tratamiento mostró mejoras significativas en comparación con el grupo control en ΔHT derecho inicial-final (p=0.029; D de Cohen=0.78) y ΔHT izquierdo inicial-final (p=0.02; D de Cohen=1.12).

Discusión: El ejercicio en cinta rodante inclinada añadido a la terapia estándar demostró mejoras significativas en la tensión de los isquiotibiales bilateralmente con efectos de moderados a grandes. La marcha en pendiente probablemente activó los músculos isquiotibiales mediante contracciones excéntricas, contribuyendo a reducir la tensión muscular y mejorar la flexibilidad.

Conclusiones: El ejercicio adicional en cinta rodante inclinada produjo cambios significativos en la tensión de los isquiotibiales en ambas piernas para pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla grado II-III en comparación con la terapia estándar sola.

Biografía del autor/a

Taurisia Kristiani, Universitas Airlangga

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Damayanti Tinduh, Airlangga University

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

I Putu Alit Pawana, Airlangga University

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Soenarnatalina Melaniani, Airlangga University

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.

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Publicado

2025-06-22

Cómo citar

Kristiani, T., Tinduh, D., Pawana, I. P. A., & Melaniani, S. (2025). Efecto del ejercicio en cinta de correr cuesta arriba sobre la terapia estándar para la rigidez de los isquiotibiales en pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla en el Hospital Gene-ral Dr. Soetomo de Surabaya. Retos, 68, 1464–1476. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.115899

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