Impacto de uma dieta sem frutose nas medidas antropométricas: um estudo intervencionista

Autores

  • Ali Hussein Talib Alaqdawi MBChB, CABMS/CM, Médico Comunitário, Diretoria de Saúde de Al-Rusafa-Bagdad, Ministério da Saúde, Bagdá, Iraque.
  • Saja Ali Ahmed MBChB, FICMS (Radiologia), Faculdade de Medicina Al-Kindy, Universidade de Bagdá, Bagdá, Iraque
  • Monaf Faik Al-Samarraee MBChB, PhD (Community Medicine), Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University for Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3515-5052
  • Muthana Abdulrazzaq Jabbar Médico consultor, Diretoria da Cidade Médica, Ministério da Saúde, Bagdá, Iraque

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.117237

Palavras-chave:

Frutose, circunferência da cintura, dieta, intervenção, Iraque

Resumo

Enquadramento: A obesidade representa um importante desafio para a saúde mundial, estando o consumo de frutose implicado na disfunção metabólica. Este estudo comparou as dietas isentas de frutose (DLF) com as abordagens hipocalóricas convencionais para a gestão da obesidade.

Métodos: Foi realizado um ensaio randomizado controlado na Clínica de Nutrição de Al-Najaf, Iraque, com a participação de 114 adultos com excesso de peso e obesidade (idade dos 25 aos 65 anos). Os participantes foram aleatoriamente designados para um grupo DLF (<15 g de frutosa/dia) ou para um grupo de controlo hipocalórico (défice de 500-700 kcal) durante 12 semanas. Os desenlaces primários incluem a circunferência da cintura e os níveis de gordura visceral. Os desenvolvimentos secundários avaliaram parâmetros antropométricos, perfis lipídicos e marcadores de função hepática.

Resultados: Ambos os grupos registaram reduções significativas na circunferência da cintura sem diferenças entre eles (DLF: -12,4±8,2 cm vs. Controlo: -13,1±7,8 cm, p>0,05). A grama visceral apresentou uma maior redução no grupo DLF (-4,36±2,1 vs. -3,06±1,9, p=0,001). Os triglicéridos diminuíram de forma mais significativa no grupo DLF tanto nos homens (-102,8±38,2 vs. -78,4±32,1 mg/dl, p=0,014) como nas mulheres (-98,4±35,6 vs. -65,2±28,9 mg/dl, p=0,001). A perda de peso e a melhoria das enzimas hepáticas são equivalentes entre os grupos.

Conclusões: As dietas isentas de frutose e as dietas hipocalóricas produzem melhores antropométricas comparáveis, com o DLF a apresentar uma redução superior dos triglicéridos. Ambas as abordagens representam estratégias viáveis para a gestão da obesidade, e a seleção da intervenção deve ser baseada nas preferências e perfis metabólicos do doente.

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Publicado

18-08-2025

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Alaqdawi, A. H. T., Ahmed, S. A., Al-Samarraee, M. F., & Jabbar, M. A. (2025). Impacto de uma dieta sem frutose nas medidas antropométricas: um estudo intervencionista. Retos, 70, 1512-1520. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v70.117237