Características psicológicas ambientais que apoiam o desenvolvimento de jogadores de futebol na Indonésia e na Malásia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109509Palavras-chave:
Environmental, Psychological Characteristic, Football Player, Indonesia, Malaysia, GrassrootsResumo
A trajetória de desenvolvimento de um jogador de futebol para se tornar um jogador profissional envolve quatro aspetos principais: físicos, técnicos, táticos e psicológicos. Esta investigação explora as características psicológicas do ambiente que influenciam e auxiliam o desenvolvimento de jogadores de futebol com menos de 17 anos na Indonésia e na Malásia. Esta pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem qualitativa, ou seja, teoria fundamentada evoluída e utiliza três métodos no processo de recolha de dados: entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação e análise documental. Vinte e cinco treinadores participaram nesta investigação, incluindo quinze treinadores de várias academias de futebol da Malásia e dez treinadores da Indonésia. Todos os formadores envolvidos nesta investigação possuem uma licença e pelo menos cinco anos de experiência como formadores com menos de 17 anos. Os dados recolhidos e analisados iniciaram-se com codificação aberta, codificação axial e codificação selectiva, e a análise foi auxiliada por software de investigação qualitativa, nomeadamente o N-Vivo 14. Os resultados revelaram que vários aspetos influenciaram o desenvolvimento do jogador, como o apoio a políticas que incluam. Outros resultados são as relações e a cooperação apoiadas pela família, as amizades de clube e o trabalho em equipa. Finalmente, os resultados da investigação envolvem fatores do treinador, como a paixão, a paciência e as competências de tratamento psicológico do treinador. Estas são as características psicológicas do ambiente que podem influenciar o desenvolvimento dos jogadores de futebol. Espera-se que os resultados desta investigação possam ser utilizados como referência para os treinadores, a Federação Indonésia de Futebol e a Associação Malaia de Futebol para criarem uma política que possa apoiar os jogadores de futebol com menos de 17 anos de idade em todos os os aspetos, incluindo a psicologia.
Palavras-chave: Ambiente, Características psicológicas, Jogador de futebol, Indonésia, Malásia
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