Senhor Benefícios do exercício supervisionado na reabilitação de doentes oncológicos: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.110146Palavras-chave:
Câncer, reabilitação pós-operatória, exercício físico, qualidade de vida, funcionalidade físicaResumo
Introdução: O cancro e os seus tratamentos prejudicam a qualidade de vida, mas hoje sabemos que o exercício físico, sobretudo quando supervisionado, pode fazer uma diferença significativa. Melhora a saúde geral, alivia sintomas como a fadiga e a ansiedade e ajuda a restaurar importantes capacidades físicas e respostas metabólicas.
Objectivos: Examinar a evidência científica sobre os benefícios do exercício supervisionado na reabilitação de doentes oncológicos, de forma a identificar as melhores práticas e estratégias de intervenção que otimizem os resultados na sua saúde geral.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa no PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus e Google Scholar, utilizando termos específicos e critérios de inclusão para estudos publicados entre 2013 e 2024. Foram identificados 1.169 registos (PubMed = 677, Scopus = 79, Web of Science = 287, Cochrane Library = 126). Após a remoção dos duplicados (n=587) e dos registos não elegíveis (n=181), foram examinados 348 registos, excluindo 768. Por fim, foram incluídos 19 ensaios clínicos randomizados, com 2117 participantes e uma idade média de 44,41 anos.
Conclusão: O exercício físico melhora a saúde física e mental dos doentes oncológicos, aumentando a força muscular e a qualidade de vida, além de reduzir a fadiga e a depressão. Promove ainda a saúde óssea e metabólica, reforçando a importância da sua integração em programas de tratamento e recuperação do cancro.
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