Avaliando o impacto da Educação Física no sedentarismo em estudantes indonésios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.114134Palavras-chave:
Atividade física, comportamento sedentário, educação física, Indonésia, adolescentesResumo
Introdução: Um estilo de vida sedentário entre os adolescentes indonésios requer intervenções de educação física eficazes para obter melhores resultados de saúde.
Objectivo: Este estúdio investigou a relação entre a participação na educação física e os estilos de vida sedentários nos estudos secundários do norte de Sumatra, avaliando as condições físicas, as características educativas e as diferenças de género e propondo estratégias de melhoria baseadas na evidência.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo cuantitativo transversal com 327 alunos de 15 a 18 anos de 12 escolas secundárias de Sumatra Septentrional, utilizando o questionário internacional sobre atividades físicas, avaliações do estado físico, observações de aula e várias análises estadísticas.
Resultados: Os resultados indicam que 46,8% dos estudantes realizam uma atividade física insuficiente, com um período de 8,5 horas de comportamento sedentário durante o dia, e que apenas 26,9% cumprem as diretrizes da OMS, o que mostra importantes disparidades de género (mulheres: 23,3% frente a homens: 30,4%). Durante as aulas de educação física, os estudantes apresentaram um comportamento sedentário de 45% e apenas 4% de atividade vigorosa, e uma análise de regressão mostrou que o início das sessões de educação física reduziu o tempo de sedentarismo em 42,6 minutos diários.
Discussão: As metodologias de educação física existentes não cumprem adequadamente os requisitos de saúde, o que se tornou uma necessidade urgente de introduzir reformas para melhorar a participação dos estudantes através de estratégias inovadoras.
Conclusão: Os resultados revelaram uma prevalência preocupante de estilos de vida sedentários e uma baixa participação na educação física entre os estudantes do ensino secundário no norte de Sumatra.
Referências
Andersen, H. B., Klinker, C. D., Toftager, M., Pawlowski, C. S., & Schipperijn, J. (2014). Objectively meas-ured differences in physical activity in five types of schoolyard area. In Landscape and Urban Planning (Vol. 134, p. 83). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.005
Andriyani, F. D., Biddle, S., Arovah, N. I., & Cocker, K. D. (2020). Physical Activity and Sedentary Behav-ior Research in Indonesian Youth: A Scoping Review [Review of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Research in Indonesian Youth: A Scoping Review]. International Journal of Environ-mental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 7665. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207665
Armstrong, S., Wong, C. A., Perrin, E. M., Page, S., Sibley, L., & Skinner, A. C. (2018). Association of Physi-cal Activity With Income, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States. In JAMA Pediatrics (Vol. 172, Issue 8, p. 732). American Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1273
Azzarito, L., & Solomon, M. A. (2004). A reconceptualization of physical education: The intersection of gender/race/social class. In Sport Education and Society (Vol. 10, Issue 1, p. 25). Taylor & Fran-cis. https://doi.org/10.1080/135733205200028794
Barber, W. (2016). Inclusive and accessible physical education: rethinking ability and disability in pre-service teacher education. In Sport Education and Society (Vol. 23, Issue 6, p. 520). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2016.1269004
Barnett, L. M., Dudley, D., Telford, R. D., Lubans, D. R., Bryant, A., Roberts, W., Morgan, P. J., Schranz, N., Weissensteiner, J. R., Vella, S. A., Salmon, J., Ziviani, J., Okely, A. D., Wainwright, N., Evans, J. R., & Keegan, R. (2019). Guidelines for the Selection of Physical Literacy Measures in Physical Educa-tion in Australia. In Journal of Teaching in Physical Education (Vol. 38, Issue 2, p. 119). Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0219
Barney, D., Kensinger, W. S., Miller, B., & Jordan, S. W. (2020). What Barriers Keep College-Aged Females from Using the Campus Recreation Center? In Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation (p. 16). https://doi.org/10.24112/ajper.251916
Bartzsch, O. (2024). The 2018 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. https://www.physicalactivityplan.org/projects/reportcard.html
Böhlke, N., Zander, B., & Rode, D. (2024). Between nature and culture – Interpreting students’ sexuality in physical education. In Frontiers in Sociology (Vol. 9). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2024.1374488
Brown, T. D. (2023). On the periphery of pedagogical practice in health and physical education (HPE): the importance of self-management skills for physical activity. In Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education (Vol. 15, Issue 3, p. 289). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/25742981.2023.2256304
D’Anna, C., Forte, P., & Pugliese, E. (2024). Trends in Physical Activity and Motor Development in Young People—Decline or Improvement? A Review [Review of Trends in Physical Activity and Motor Development in Young People—Decline or Improvement? A Review]. Children, 11(3), 298. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030298
Danielsen, K. K., Cabral, D., & Sveaas, S. H. (2023). “Students Moving Together”, Tailored Exercise for Students Facing Mental Health Challenges—A Pilot Feasibility Study. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 20, Issue 17, p. 6639). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20176639
Evans, D. K., Acosta, A. M., & Yuan, F. (2023). Girls’ Education at Scale. In The World Bank Research Ob-server (Vol. 39, Issue 1, p. 47). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkad002
Feraco, A., Armani, A., Amoah, I., Guseva, E., Camajani, E., Gorini, S., Strollo, R., Padua, E., Caprio, M., & Lombardo, M. (2024). Assessing gender differences in food preferences and physical activity: a population-based survey. In Frontiers in Nutrition (Vol. 11). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1348456
Ferrari, I., Schuler, P., Bretz, K., Bär, J., Rast, M., & Niederberger, L. (2022). “Pop-Up Systems”—Innovative Sport and Exercise-Oriented Offerings for Promoting Physical Activity in All-Day Schools. In Sustainability (Vol. 14, Issue 5, p. 3090). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Insti-tute. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14053090
Fisher, A., Boyle, J., Paton, J. Y., Tomporowski, P. D., Watson, C., McColl, J. H., & Reilly, J. J. (2011). Effects of a physical education intervention on cognitive function in young children: randomized con-trolled pilot study. In BMC Pediatrics (Vol. 11, Issue 1). BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-11-97
Fikri, M., Nofrizal, D., Nugroho, A., & Lubis, H. Y. (2024). Impact of Learning Motivation and Physical Condition on Physical Education Learning Outcomes in Junior High School Students Aged 13-15 Years: A Analysis studies. INSPIREE Indonesian Sport Innovation Review, 5(03), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.53905/xk8yd462
Friskawati, G. F., Sobarna, A., & Stephani, M. R. (2020). Teachers’ Perceptions of Physical Education Teaching Barriers at Elementary Schools. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200214.095
Furtado, A. R., Sá, J. S. de, Andrade, G. K. S. de, Giacon-Arruda, B. C. C., Bomfim, R. A., Silva, D. S., & Teston, É. F. (2023). Factors Associated With Physical Activity Levels In Adolescents. In Texto & Con-texto - Enfermagem (Vol. 32). Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós Gra-duação em Enfermagem. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0244en
Gkintoni, E., Vantaraki, F., Skoulidi, C., Anastassopoulos, P., & Vantarakis, A. (2024). Promoting Physical and Mental Health among Children and Adolescents via Gamification—A Conceptual Systematic Review. In Behavioral Sciences (Vol. 14, Issue 2, p. 102). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing In-stitute. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14020102
Grauduszus, M., Koch, L., Wessely, S., & Joisten, C. (2024). School-based promotion of physical literacy: a scoping review [Review of School-based promotion of physical literacy: a scoping review]. Frontiers in Public Health, 12. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1322075
Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. (2019). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million partici-pants. In The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (Vol. 4, Issue 1, p. 23). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30323-2
Hanifah, L., Nasrulloh, N., & Sufyan, D. L. (2023). Sedentary Behavior and Lack of Physical Activity among Children in Indonesia. In Children (Vol. 10, Issue 8, p. 1283). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081283
Hay, P., & Macdonald, D. (2010). The gendering of abilities in Senior PE. In Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (Vol. 15, Issue 3, p. 271). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408980903150147
Heinrich, K. M., Beattie, C. M., Crawford, D. A., Stoepker, P., & George, J. (2023). Non-Traditional Physical Education Classes Improve High School Students’ Movement Competency and Fitness: A Mixed-Methods Program Evaluation Study. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 20, Issue 10, p. 5914). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20105914
Hermino, A., & Arifin, I. (2020). Contextual Character Education for Students in the Senior High School. In European Journal of Educational Research (p. 1009). RU Publications. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1009
Hughey, S. M., Reed, J. A., & King, S. (2021). Daily Physical Education Linked to Higher Youth Aerobic Fitness Levels: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. In Journal of Physical Activity and Health (Vol. 18, Issue 10, p. 1261). Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2021-0075
Insufficiently active (crude estimate). (2023). https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/insufficiently-active-(crude-estimate)
Irfannuddin, I., Laeto, A. B., Zulissetiana, E. F., Santoso, B., Kurniati, A. M., & Hestiningsih, T. (2021). Vir-tual national workshop: preparation of multimedia modules for physical education teachers in accordance with COVID-19 prevention procedures. In AJP Advances in Physiology Education (Vol. 45, Issue 3, p. 563). American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00249.2020
Ison, S. E., Jakaitis, T., Richards, K. A. R., & Pennington, S. (2021). Redesigning High School Physical Edu-cation Curricula to Meet Students’ Needs. In Strategies (Vol. 34, Issue 2, p. 50). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2021.1867456
Jeftic, I., Furzer, B., Dimmock, J. A., Wright, K., Boyd, C., Budden, T., Rosenberg, M., Kramer, B., Buist, B., Fitzpatrick, I., Sabiston, C. M., Jonge, M. de, & Jackson, B. (2023). Structured exercise programs for higher education students experiencing mental health challenges: background, significance, and implementation [Review of Structured exercise programs for higher education students experiencing mental health challenges: background, significance, and implementation]. Fron-tiers in Public Health, 11. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1104918
Kohl, H. W., Cook, H. D. V., & Board, N. (2013). The Effectiveness of Physical Activity and Physical Edu-cation Policies and Programs: Summary of the Evidence. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK201508/
Malagodi, F., Dommett, E. J., Findon, J., & Gardner, B. (2023). Physical activity interventions to improve mental health and wellbeing in university students in the UK: A service mapping study. In Men-tal health and physical activity (Vol. 26, p. 100563). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100563
Mercy, O. C., Sunday, L. C., & Solomon, O. (2022). Implementation of Physical Education component within the basic science and technology curriculum and the time allocation in comparison to other basic science and technology subjects. In Journal of Anthropology of Sport and Physical Education (Vol. 6, Issue 3, p. 15). University of Montenegro. https://doi.org/10.26773/jaspe.220703
Metz, S., Zander, B., & Hunger, I. (2024). The suffering of students in physical education. Unsettling ex-periences and situational conditions. In Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (p. 1). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2024.2352825
Nashwan, N. A. (2024). The Impact of Physical Education on Mental Health. In International Journal of Religion (Vol. 5, Issue 6, p. 644). https://doi.org/10.61707/metahg10
Nienhuis, C. P., & Lesser, I. A. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 on Women’s Physical Activity Behavior and Mental Well-Being. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 17, Issue 23, p. 9036). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239036
Palmer, S., & Behrens, T. K. (2017). At the Crossroads: How Physical Education Can Succeed in a Public Health Paradigm. In Quest (Vol. 69, Issue 4, p. 467). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2017.1288145
Pardilla, H. (2021). Physical Fitness and Learning Achievement Academic in Children Aged 10-12 years. INSPIREE Indonesian Sport Innovation Review, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.53905/inspiree.v2i2.51
Papathanasiou, G., Georgoudis, G., Georgakopoulos, D., Katsouras, C., Kalfakakou, V., & Evangelou, A. (2010). Criterion-related validity of the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire against exercise capacity in young adults. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Re-habilitation, 17(4), 380–386. https://doi.org/10.1097/hjr.0b013e328333ede6
Rocliffe, P., Tapia‐Serrano, M. Á., García‐González, L., Adamakis, M., Walsh, L. G., Bannon, A., Mulhall, E., Sherwin, I., Keeffe, B. T. O., McNamara, P., & MacDonncha, C. (2024). The Impact of Typical School Provision of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sports on Adolescent Physical Health: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. In Adolescent Research Review. Springer Science+Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-023-00231-x
Saarinen, S., Cater, E., & Littman, M. L. (2018). Personalized Education at Scale. In arXiv (Cornell Uni-versity). Cornell University. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1809.
Silva, R. M. F., Mendonça, C. R., Azevedo, V. D., Memon, A. R., Noll, P. R. e S., & Noll, M. A. (2022). Barriers to high school and university students’ physical activity: A systematic review [Review of Barri-ers to high school and university students’ physical activity: A systematic review]. PLoS ONE, 17(4). Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265913
Shomoro, D. and Mondal, S. (2014). Comparitive relationships of selected physical fitness variables among different college students of mekelle university eithopia africa. International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports, 3(1), 07-14. https://doi.org/10.26524/1412
The global state of play. Report and recommendations on quality physical education. (2024). In UNESCO eBooks. UNESCO. https://doi.org/10.54678/gskr7671
Tung, J. Y., Poon, G. W., Du, J., & Wong, K. K. (2023). Obesity in children and adolescents: Overview of the diagnosis and management [Review of Obesity in children and adolescents: Overview of the diagnosis and management]. Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine, 9(2), 122. KeAi. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.58
Wang, D. (2017). Improving school physical education to increase physical activity and promote healthy growth of Chinese school-aged children—Time for action. In Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science (Vol. 6, Issue 4, p. 384). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2017.10.001
Wilson, D. D. (2011). Applying Mass Customization Concepts to Core Courses: Increasing Student‐Centered Customization and Enabling Cross‐Functional Integration. In Decision Sciences Jour-nal of Innovative Education (Vol. 9, Issue 1, p. 81). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4609.2010.00293.x
Wongsingha, N., Widyastari, D. A., Chokthananukoon, B., Rasri, N., & Katewongsa, P. (2023). Assessing physical activity promotion in different settings and how its associated with public participa-tion during COVID-19 epidemic: evidence from national policy evaluation. In BMC Public Health (Vol. 23, Issue 1). BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16690-9
World Health Organization. (2023). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44399
Yin, H., Dev, R. D. O., Soh, K. G., Li, F., & Lian, M. (2024). Assessment and development of physical educa-tion teachers’ physical literacy: A systematic review [Review of Assessment and development of physical education teachers’ physical literacy: A systematic review]. PLoS ONE, 19(7). Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307505
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Farid M. Alhumary, Tandiyo Rahayu, Andri Akhiruyanto, Said Junaidi, Heny Setyawati
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
