A relação entre o ambiente desportivo universitário, a motivação para o exercício e o comportamento de exercício
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.115163Palavras-chave:
Ambiente desportivo universitário, motivação para o exercício, comportamento para o exercício, modelação de equações estruturaisResumo
Contexto: Este estudo examina as relações entre o ambiente desportivo universitário, a motivação para o exercício e o comportamento em atividade física, com o objetivo de apoiar estratégias para melhorar o envolvimento no exercício entre estudantes universitários.
Metodologia: Utilizou-se um desenho transversal, utilizando uma combinação de amostragem por conglomerados e amostragem intencional. Os dados foram recolhidos junto de 3918 estudantes universitários chineses (1978 homens, 1940 mulheres; idades entre os 18 e os 22 anos) utilizando a Escala do Ambiente Desportivo Universitário, a Escala de Motivação para o Exercício e a Escala de Avaliação da Atividade Física - 3. Estatísticas descritivas e análises de correlação foram conduzidas utilizando o SPSS 27.0, enquanto a modelação de equações estruturais (MEE) foi aplicada no AMOS 26.0 para avaliar as relações hipotéticas. Resultados: A análise de MEE demonstrou um ajuste aceitável do modelo. Os principais achados indicaram que o ambiente desportivo universitário teve um efeito positivo significativo tanto na motivação para o exercício (β = 0,792, p < 0,001) como no comportamento em atividade física (β = 0,25, p < 0,001). A motivação para o exercício previu significativamente o comportamento de atividade física (β = 0,19; p < 0,001). Foi observado um efeito de mediação parcial, com a motivação para o exercício a mediar a relação entre o ambiente desportivo e o comportamento de atividade física (efeito indireto = 0,198; p < 0,001).
Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que tanto o ambiente desportivo universitário como a motivação para o exercício são preditores críticos do comportamento de atividade física dos estudantes. Estes resultados fornecem uma base teórica para o desenho de intervenções que visem promover a participação dos estudantes universitários em exercícios.
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