Trabalho agrícola diário como atividade física: género, saúde e coesão comunitária na Indonésia rural

Autores

  • Ahmad Firman Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Nobel Indonesia
  • Fitriani Latief Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Nobel Indonesia
  • Yusriadi Yusriadi Universitas Cahaya Prima
  • ⁠Asniwati ⁠Asniwati Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Nobel Indonesia
  • ⁠Surianto ⁠Surianto Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Nobel Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.117586

Palavras-chave:

Atividade física, saúde comunitária, género, Indonésia, trabalho rural

Resumo

Introdução: O trabalho agrícola diário era uma das formas mais importantes de actividade física na Indonésia rural, moldando as estratégias de subsistência e influenciando a saúde e o bem-estar. Ao contrário do exercício estruturado, o trabalho agrícola surgiu como uma prática contínua e exigente, enraizada na sobrevivência diária.

Objectivo: O estudo teve como objectivo repensar a agricultura familiar como uma prática económica e uma forma sustentada de esforço físico, com especial atenção às suas implicações para os resultados em saúde, carga de trabalho diferenciada por género e coesão comunitária. Metodologia: Foi utilizado um desenho de revisão de âmbito para sintetizar a literatura multidisciplinar publicada entre 2005 e 2025. As fontes foram extraídas de revistas com revisão por pares, relatórios institucionais e publicações locais. Os dados foram codificados e analisados ​​tematicamente através do software NVivo, com atenção às dimensões de saúde, género e cultura.

Resultados: A revisão mostrou que as agricultoras carregavam uma dupla carga de trabalho, combinando o trabalho agrícola com as responsabilidades domésticas, resultando em fadiga crónica e problemas músculo-esqueléticos. Os homens estavam sobretudo associados ao trabalho intensivo no campo e à insegurança económica. Práticas culturais como rituais, cerimónias de plantação e festivais de colheitas foram identificadas como formas coletivas de atividade física que reforçavam a solidariedade e a tradição. A cooperação comunitária, particularmente através da transferência sustentada de conhecimentos intergeracionais, fortaleceu a resiliência.

Discussão: Os resultados confirmaram que o trabalho agrícola funcionou tanto como um factor de risco para a exaustão física como um meio de reprodução cultural. Estes resultados foram consistentes com os estudos globais, mas destacaram os contextos culturais e de género específicos na Indonésia.

Conclusões: O trabalho agrícola deve ser reconhecido como uma forma complexa de actividade física que, simultaneamente, gera riscos para a saúde e promove a identidade cultural, a solidariedade e a resiliência.

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Publicado

08-10-2025

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Firman, A., Latief, F., Yusriadi, Y., ⁠Asniwati, ⁠Asniwati, & ⁠Surianto, ⁠Surianto. (2025). Trabalho agrícola diário como atividade física: género, saúde e coesão comunitária na Indonésia rural. Retos, 72, 1115-1132. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v72.117586