Índice de desarrollo deportivo como predictor de la actividad física y la aptitud aeróbica: evidencia de universidades indonesias con contrastes regionales

Autores/as

  • Muhammad Dzul Fikri Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Andun Sudijandoko Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Mochamad Purnomo Sport & Exercise Research Center, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Donny Ardy Kusuma Sport & Exercise Research Center, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Cemal Özman Bartin University
  • Afif Rusdiawan Department of Sport Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Mohammad Fathur Rohman Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Auliya Putri Srie Wardani Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Anindya Mar'atus Sholikhah Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Awang Firmansyah Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Bhekti Lestari Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyid Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117110

Palabras clave:

Índice de desarrollo deportivo, actividad física, aptitud aeróbica , disparidades regionales, universidad

Resumen

Introducción: El apoyo institucional tiene un impacto significativo en la actividad física y la aptitud física de los miembros universitarios en Indonesia, pero hay datos empíricos limitados que vinculen las métricas del SDI con los resultados de salud en países de ingresos bajos y medios.

Objetivo: Este estudio examina la correlación entre las puntuaciones SDI y la aptitud aeróbica y los niveles de actividad física de los miembros universitarios en Indonesia.

Metodología: Se realizó un análisis transversal en 14 universidades indonesias (42,86 % con Java, 57,14 % sin Java). El SDI se evaluó mediante una lista de verificación de 75 ítems (α = 0,89). La actividad física (MET-minutos/semana) se midió con el IPAQ-SF, mientras que la capacidad aeróbica se evaluó mediante la prueba de fuerza muscular de 20 metros (MFT).

Resultados: Las universidades con un SDI más alto mostraron una actividad física más intensa (media de MET-minutos = 1728 ± 1182) y una mejor condición física (VO₂ máx. = 35,8 ± 4,63 ml/kg/min). Se observaron correlaciones positivas significativas entre el SDI y la actividad física (*r* = 0,910, *p* < 0,001) y la condición física (*r* = 0,906, *p* < 0,001). Las instituciones que no utilizan Java superaron a las que sí lo hacen en cuanto a políticas inclusivas (el 57,14 % obtuvo una puntuación ≥20/25), a pesar de contar con presupuestos más reducidos.

Discusión: Los elementos del SDI, como la formación del personal, las políticas inclusivas y las instalaciones accesibles, mejoran la participación estudiantil, lo que coincide con la investigación internacional. La gobernanza descentralizada podría mejorar la inclusión en entornos con recursos limitados, pero las disparidades presupuestarias agravan las brechas de participación.

Conclusiones: El SDI es un indicador crucial de los resultados de salud estudiantil en las universidades indonesias. Los responsables políticos deberían priorizar los presupuestos deportivos obligatorios, la distribución equitativa de recursos y los enfoques regionales para reducir las desigualdades.

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Publicado

02-02-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Fikri, M. D., Sudijandoko, A., Purnomo, M., Kusuma, D. A., Özman, C., Rusdiawan, A., Rohman, M. F., Wardani, A. P. S., Sholikhah, A. M., Firmansyah, A., Lestari, B., & Ar Rasyid, M. L. S. (2026). Índice de desarrollo deportivo como predictor de la actividad física y la aptitud aeróbica: evidencia de universidades indonesias con contrastes regionales. Retos, 75, 174-186. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117110