Índice de desenvolvimento desportivo como preditor de atividade física e aptidão aeróbia: evidência de universidades indonésias com contrastes regionais

Autores

  • Muhammad Dzul Fikri Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Andun Sudijandoko Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Mochamad Purnomo Sport & Exercise Research Center, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Donny Ardy Kusuma Sport & Exercise Research Center, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Cemal Özman Bartin University
  • Afif Rusdiawan Department of Sport Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Mohammad Fathur Rohman Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Auliya Putri Srie Wardani Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Anindya Mar'atus Sholikhah Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Awang Firmansyah Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Bhekti Lestari Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Labib Siena Ar Rasyid Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117110

Palavras-chave:

Índice de desenvolvimento desportivo, atividade física, aptidão aeróbia, disparidades regionais, universidade

Resumo

Introdução: O apoio institucional tem um impacto significativo na atividade física e na aptidão física dos membros das universidades da Indonésia, mas existem poucos dados empíricos que relacionem as métricas do Índice de Desenvolvimento Social (IDS) com os resultados de saúde nos países de baixo e médio rendimento.

Objectivo: Este estudo examina a correlação entre os escores do IDS e os níveis de condicionamento aeróbio e de actividade física entre os membros das universidades da Indonésia.

Metodologia: Foi realizada uma análise transversal em 14 universidades indonésias (42,86% utilizando Java, 57,14% não utilizando Java). O IDS foi avaliado através de um questionário de 75 itens (α = 0,89). A atividade física (MET-minutos/semana) foi medida através do IPAQ-SF, enquanto a capacidade aeróbia foi avaliada através do teste de força muscular de 20 metros (TFM).

Resultados: As universidades com um Índice de Envolvimento do Estudante (IDE) mais elevado apresentaram maior intensidade de atividade física (média de MET-minutos = 1728 ± 1182) e melhor aptidão física (VO₂ máx = 35,8 ± 4,63 ml/kg/min). Foram observadas correlações positivas significativas entre o IDE e a atividade física (r = 0,910, p < 0,001) e a aptidão física (r = 0,906, p < 0,001). As instituições que não utilizam Java apresentaram um melhor desempenho do que as que o utilizam em termos de políticas inclusivas (57,14% obtiveram uma pontuação ≥20/25), apesar de terem orçamentos mais reduzidos.

Discussão: Elementos do IDE, como a formação de pessoal, políticas inclusivas e instalações acessíveis, melhoram o envolvimento dos alunos, o que está em linha com a investigação internacional. A governação descentralizada pode melhorar a inclusão em contextos com recursos limitados, mas as disparidades orçamentais agravam as lacunas de participação.

Conclusões: O Student Health Index (SDI) é um indicador crucial dos resultados de saúde dos estudantes nas universidades indonésias. Os decisores políticos devem dar prioridade aos orçamentos obrigatórios para o desporto, à alocação equitativa de recursos e às abordagens regionais para reduzir as desigualdades.

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Publicado

02-02-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

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Fikri, M. D., Sudijandoko, A., Purnomo, M., Kusuma, D. A., Özman, C., Rusdiawan, A., Rohman, M. F., Wardani, A. P. S., Sholikhah, A. M., Firmansyah, A., Lestari, B., & Ar Rasyid, M. L. S. (2026). Índice de desenvolvimento desportivo como preditor de atividade física e aptidão aeróbia: evidência de universidades indonésias com contrastes regionais. Retos, 75, 174-186. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117110