Efectos del entrenamiento y la competencia sobre el rendimiento en el tiempo de ejecución y la toma de decisiones en acciones técnico -tácticas en fútbol (pase y conducción) en situación de laboratorio

Autores/as

  • Guillermo Andrés Calle Jaramillo
  • Enoc Valentin Gonzalez-Palacio Universidad de Antioquia
  • Lewis Adrian Perez-Mendez Universidad de Antioquia
  • Jose Antonio Gonzalez-Jurado Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  • Andrés Rojas-Jaramillo Corporación universitaria minuto de Dios

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117441

Palabras clave:

Sensibilidad del test, neuroplasticidad, entrenamiento, funciones cognitivas, fútbol

Resumen

Introducción: los efectos del entrenamiento sobre la toma de decisiones han sido evaluados en el deporte para demostrar mejoras en el rendimiento táctico.

Objetivo: analizar los efectos de un macrociclo de entrenamiento sobre la toma de decisiones y su tiempo de demora, utilizando acciones técnico – tácticas (pase y conducción) en fútbol realizadas en condiciones de laboratorio.

Metodología: estudio cuantitativo cuasiexperimental, longitudinal, pretest/postest intrasujeto. Un grupo (n = 16) de jóvenes futbolistas fueron evaluados en dos momentos (pretest/postest).

Resultados: no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas para la variable toma de decisiones (DMA) (p > 0.05; d = 0.32; 1- = 0.22) pero si para las variables tiempo de ejecución (ET) (p < 0.05; d = 1.522; 1- = 0.99) e índice total (TI) (p < 0.05; d = 1.303; 1- = 0.99).

Discusión: los resultados de esta investigación respecto a la variable toma de decisiones difieren de los resultados de otros estudios. La toma de decisiones no mejoró con la intervención; sin embargo, el entrenamiento y la competencia redujeron el tiempo que demora elegir una opción.

Conclusiones: en los deportes de habilidades motrices abiertas no es suficiente con tomar una buena decisión, también hay que decidir en el menor tiempo posible, por eso, esta prueba, analiza las variables toma de decisiones (DMA) y tiempo de ejecución (ET) a través del índice total (TI), el cual es directamente proporcional al rendimiento del futbolista en la prueba. La prueba es sensible a los cambios neuroplásticos generados por un macrociclo de entrenamiento de tres meses.

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Publicado

02-02-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Calle Jaramillo, G. A., Gonzalez-Palacio, E. V., Perez-Mendez, L. A., Gonzalez-Jurado, J. A., & Rojas-Jaramillo, A. (2026). Efectos del entrenamiento y la competencia sobre el rendimiento en el tiempo de ejecución y la toma de decisiones en acciones técnico -tácticas en fútbol (pase y conducción) en situación de laboratorio. Retos, 75, 61-70. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117441