Asociación entre asistencia nutricional, calidad de la alimentación y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en futbolistas juveniles

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.117590

Palabras clave:

adolescente, calidad de los alimentos, conducta alimentaria, conducta alimentaria desordenada, futbol

Resumen

Introducción: Los futbolistas juveniles enfrentan riesgos nutricionales asociados a las exigencias competitivas y al entorno formativo. La evidencia sobre el rol de la asistencia nutricional en esta población aún es limitada.

Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre asistencia nutricional, calidad de la alimentación y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en futbolistas juveniles pertenecientes a clubes de la Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional de Chile.

Metodología: Estudio transversal con 581 futbolistas de entre 14 y 19 años de 24 clubes de Primera A y B. Se aplicó el Índice de Calidad Global de la Alimentación y la subescala de conductas alimentarias de riesgo del instrumento E-TONA. Se utilizaron correlaciones de Spearman, regresiones lineales simples y regresiones logísticas con intervalos de confianza del 95%.

Resultados: Una mayor frecuencia de asistencia nutricional se asoció significativamente con una mejor calidad de la alimentación total (p < 0.001), mayor consumo de frutas (p = 0.001), verduras, almuerzo y cena, y menor ingesta de dulces (p < 0.001) y frituras (p < 0.001). Asimismo, se observó una menor probabilidad relativa de presentar atracones (p = 0.002), hambre constante (p < 0.001) y comer hasta sentirse totalmente lleno (p = 0.003). Se identificaron diferencias en calidad alimentaria según división competitiva (p = 0.018).

Conclusiones: Una mayor frecuencia de asistencia nutricional se asoció con una mejor calidad de la alimentación y una menor probabilidad relativa de conductas alimentarias de riesgo en futbolistas juveniles, lo que refuerza la importancia de la intervención nutricional desde etapas formativas.

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Publicado

01-01-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

González-Fernández, F., Hun, N., & Veiga, Óscar L. (2026). Asociación entre asistencia nutricional, calidad de la alimentación y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en futbolistas juveniles. Retos, 74, 333-345. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.117590