Drama, movimiento y desarrollo motor en niños de kínder: estudio de intervención lúdica integrada

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118695

Palabras clave:

Habilidades motoras, aprendizaje cinestésico, cognición corporizada, primera infancia, enfoque lúdico

Resumen

Introducción: La participación cinestésica basada en el drama se considera actualmente un enfoque adecuado desde el punto de vista del desarrollo para la mejora de las habilidades motoras fundamentales (HMF) en la primera infancia.

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la eficacia de un programa cinestésico basado en el drama, con una duración de 8 semanas, sobre las habilidades locomotoras, de control de objetos y de estabilidad en niños de educación infantil.

Metodología: Los niños del Jardín de Infancia Al-Surra, en Kuwait, con edades comprendidas entre los 4 y los 6 años, fueron asignados de manera cuasi-aleatoria a un grupo experimental (GE, n = 20) y un grupo control (GC, n = 20). El GE participó en una intervención sistemática basada en el drama durante 8 semanas (3 sesiones por semana, 45 minutos por sesión), en la que las HMF se trabajaron mediante la inmersión en tramas de fantasía.

Resultados: El GE mostró mejoras significativas en todos los dominios motores evaluados: sprint de 25 m (1.25 s, 0.92), salto horizontal con pies juntos (1.53 cm, 2.87), lanzamiento de softball (0.47 m, 2.00), puntuación de recepción (.55, 2.28), equilibrio estático (2.56 s, 3.65) y marcha sobre viga de 10 m (1.25 s, 3.13). Las comparaciones entre grupos evidenciaron mejoras considerablemente mayores en el GE en todas las habilidades evaluadas (η² parcial = 0.72–0.78, p < 0.001).

Conclusiones: El programa basado en el drama y la participación cinestésica resulta eficaz para incrementar el nivel de competencia en habilidades motoras fundamentales en niños de educación infantil, mostrando tamaños del efecto elevados en todas las áreas analizadas. Los resultados respaldan la aplicación del juego dramatizado como una intervención efectiva susceptible de implementarse a gran escala para promover el desarrollo motor temprano.

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Publicado

01-04-2026

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Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Abdulnabi Abdulraheem, A. (2026). Drama, movimiento y desarrollo motor en niños de kínder: estudio de intervención lúdica integrada. Retos, 77, 913-927. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118695