Efectos del psycho training sobre el tiempo de reacción motora y el rendimiento en el control del balón en futbolistas de élite de la Liga Premier Iraquí

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v79.118700

Palabras clave:

Entrenamiento psico, integración sensoriomotora, agilidad reactiva, entrenamiento de doble tarea, rendimiento en fútbol

Resumen

Antecedentes. El rendimiento en el fútbol moderno requiere un alto nivel de procesamiento perceptivo–cognitivo, toma rápida de decisiones y eficiencia neuromuscular. Investigaciones recientes en ciencias del deporte destacan la importancia de integrar enfoques de entrenamiento cognitivo y motor. El psycho training representa un método de entrenamiento aplicado que combina estímulos perceptivo–cognitivos, tareas reactivas de toma de decisiones y acciones motoras específicas del deporte para mejorar el rendimiento en el fútbol.

Métodos. Se utilizó un diseño experimental controlado aleatorizado con mediciones pretest y postest. Veintidós futbolistas masculinos de élite de la Liga Premier Iraquí fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo experimental (n = 11) y un grupo control (n = 11). El grupo experimental realizó un programa de psycho training de ocho semanas integrado en el entrenamiento regular (tres sesiones por semana), con ejercicios de agilidad reactiva y tareas duales de control del balón, mientras que el grupo control continuó con el entrenamiento habitual. El tiempo de reacción motora se evaluó mediante el Nelson Reaction Time Test, y el control del balón (pie, muslo y pecho) mediante pruebas técnicas estandarizadas. Los datos se analizaron con pruebas t para muestras relacionadas e independientes y el cálculo del tamaño del efecto.

Resultados. El grupo experimental mostró mejoras significativas en el tiempo de reacción motora y en el rendimiento del control del balón, con tamaños del efecto moderados a grandes, mientras que el grupo control no presentó cambios significativos. Las comparaciones postest revelaron un rendimiento significativamente superior en el grupo experimental.

Conclusiones. El psycho training parece ser un método de entrenamiento eficaz para mejorar la capacidad de respuesta neuromotora y el control técnico del balón en futbolistas de élite.

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Publicado

02-06-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Hamza, M. K. (2026). Efectos del psycho training sobre el tiempo de reacción motora y el rendimiento en el control del balón en futbolistas de élite de la Liga Premier Iraquí. Retos, 79, 228-239. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v79.118700