Oscilación del arco y su relación con la precisión en tiradores junior de élite de arco recurvo

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v83.119720

Palabras clave:

Biomecánica, captura de movimiento, estabilidad del arco, fase previa al lanzamiento, tiro con arco

Resumen

Introducción y Objetivo: La estabilidad del arco antes del lanzamiento es un factor clave para la precisión; sin embargo, su relación con la fuerza del miembro superior en arqueros júnior de élite apenas ha sido caracterizada. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar la oscilación triaxial del arco y examinar su asociación con el rendimiento de tiro y la fuerza isométrica máxima de prensión manual.

Metodología: Mediante un sistema Vicon de 8 cámaras, se registró la cinemática en 3D para evaluar el desplazamiento del arco y la variabilidad de la mano de tiro durante un intervalo estandarizado previo al suelte en arqueros de arco recurvo.

Resultados: La oscilación longitudinal se identificó como el determinante cinemático más consistente del rendimiento, mostrando una gran asociación negativa con la puntuación. Asimismo, se halló una correlación negativa casi perfecta entre la puntuación media y el área de agrupación (método del círculo mínimo envolvente). Mientras que la fuerza de prensión manual no se asoció con el rendimiento, la fuerza de apertura del arco mostró una asociación positiva de moderada a alta con la puntuación, aunque sin alcanzarse significación estadística tras la corrección.

Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos destacan el papel crítico de la estabilidad longitudinal por encima de la fuerza bruta de la mano al determinar la precisión del tiro en arqueros júnior de élite.

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Publicado

30-05-2026

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Cómo citar

Talayero, C., López-Moranchel, I., López-González, R., Díaz-López, R., & López-Torres, O. (2026). Oscilación del arco y su relación con la precisión en tiradores junior de élite de arco recurvo. Retos, 83, 79-91. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v83.119720