Effect of exercise rehabilitation on breath muscles in COPD patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.105800Keywords:
Physical exercisesAbstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise rehabilitation on the breathing muscles of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. Thirty patients (age 52 ± 0.66 years; body mass 66.15 ± 0.75 kg; height 176.17 ± 2.45 cm) with COPD were included in the study. The study used the experimental method by designing a three-month exercise rehabilitation program and using specific exercises to help patients reduce shortness of breath and strengthen their inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The current study was conducted at Babylon's pulmonary rehabilitation center. The Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (PImax), the maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax), and shortness of breath were all measured. The result shows that the difference in the shortness of breath (Borg Scale) between the pre and post-tests is insignificant at the error rate (5%). Furthermore, the value of calculated T (1.66) is smaller than the value of tabular T (2.57), indicating that there has been no improvement in the level of shortness of breath for the control group.
The difference in the level of shortness of breath shown in the table is significant at the error rate (5%). Furthermore, the pre- and post-tests are calculated as T(3.24), greater than the value of tabular T (2.57). Exercise rehabilitation altered FEV1, PImax, PEmax, and shortness of breath in COPD patients in the experimental group, pre-and post-tests supporting the experimental community, suggesting that physical activity affected FEV1, PImax, PEmax, and shortness of breath. According to our study, physical exercise improves COPD patients' respiratory muscles. This study concluded that patients expressed a desire to continue the exercise.
Keywords: physical exercise, breathing muscles, COPD patients.
References
Alexiou, C., Ward, L., Hume, E., Armstrong, M., Wilkinson, M., & Vogiatzis, I. (2021). Effect of interval compared to continuous exercise training on physiological responses in patients with chronic respiratory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chronic Respiratory Disease, 18, 14799731211041506.
Anziska, Y., & Sternberg, A. (2013). Exercise in neuromuscular disease. Muscle & nerve, 48(1), 3-20.
Barreiro, E., & Gea, J. (2015). Respiratory and limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 12(4), 413-426.
Black, L. F., & Hyatt, R. E. (1969). Maximal respiratory pressures: normal values and relationship to age and sex. American review of respiratory disease, 99(5), 696-702.
Brandsma, C. A., Van den Berge, M., Hackett, T. L., Brusselle, G., & Timens, W. (2020). Recent advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis: from disease mechanisms to precision medicine. The Journal of pathology, 250(5), 624-635.
Borg, G. A. (1982). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 14(5), 377-381.
Buist, A. S. (1987). Standardization of spirometry. The American review of respiratory disease, 136(5), 1073-1074.
Burge, A. T., Cox, N. S., Abramson, M. J., & Holland, A. E. (2020). Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(4).
Calzetta, L., Ora, J., Cavalli, F., Rogliani, P., O'Donnell, D. E., & Cazzola, M. (2017). Impact of LABA/LAMA combination on exercise endurance and lung hyperinflation in COPD: a pair-wise and network meta-analysis. Respiratory medicine, 129, 189-198.
Chen, W., Thomas, J., Sadatsafavi, M., & FitzGerald, J. M. (2015). Risk of cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Respiratory medicine, 3(8), 631-639.
Cochrane, L., & Clark, C. (1990). Benefits and problems of a physical training programme for asthmatic patients. Thorax, 45(5), 345-351.
Crisafulli, E., Costi, S., Fabbri, L. M., & Clini, E. M. (2007). Respiratory muscles training in COPD patients. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2(1), 19.
do Nascimento, E. S. P., Sampaio, L. M. M., Peixoto-Souza, F. S., Dias, F. D., Gomes, E. L. F. D., Greiffo, F. R., de Oliveira, A. P. L., Stirbulov, R., Vieira, R. P., & Costa, D. (2015). Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation improves clinical features and systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10, 645.
Duiverman, M. L., Wempe, J. B., Bladder, G., Vonk, J. M., Zijlstra, J. G., Kerstjens, H. A., & Wijkstra, P. J. (2011). Two-year home-based nocturnal noninvasive ventilation added to rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a randomized controlled trial. Respiratory research, 12, 1-10.
Enright, P. L., McBurnie, M. A., Bittner, V., Tracy, R. P., McNamara, R., Arnold, A., & Newman, A. B. (2003). The 6-min walk test: a quick measure of functional status in elderly adults. Chest, 123(2), 387-398.
Faraj, J. S., Abbas, A. H., & Hadi, A. H. Effect of Whole Body Exercise Program in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.
Faraj, J. S., Abbas, A. H., & Hadi, A. H. (2015). Effect of Whole Body Exercise Program in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients. International Journal of Advanced Sport Sciences Research, 3(2), 549-554.
Freedman, N. (2019). Reducing COPD readmissions: strategies for the pulmonologist to improve outcomes. Chest, 156(4), 802-807.
Goldstein, N. E., Woodrell, C. D., & Morrison, R. S. (2023). Evidence-based practice of palliative medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Hamad, S. H., Hadi, A. H., & Ahmad, B. A. (2023). Effect of lower torso training on asthma patients. Physical Rehabilitation and Recreational Health Technologies, 8(1), 13-21.
Hamad, S. H., Hadi, A. H., Mohr, M., Mahadevan, S. P., & Kzar, M. H. (2023). The Effect of Threshold Loading Training and an Innovative Respiratory Training Devices with Lower Torso Sports Training in Asthma Patients: A Randomized Trial. BioMed Research International, 2023(1), 3049804.
Holland, A. E., Cox, N. S., Houchen-Wolloff, L., Rochester, C. L., Garvey, C., ZuWallack, R., Nici, L., Limberg, T., Lareau, S. C., & Yawn, B. P. (2021). Defining modern pulmonary rehabilitation. An official American Thoracic Society workshop report. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 18(5), e12-e29.
Hoult, G., Gillespie, D., Wilkinson, T. M., Thomas, M., & Francis, N. A. (2022). Biomarkers to guide the use of antibiotics for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC pulmonary medicine, 22(1), 194.
HUANG, X., QIAN, J., CHEN, F., HAO, J., YAO, Y., ZHU, S., & WANG, J. (2021). Impact of aerobic exercise on serum inflammatory factors and cardiopulmonary function in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chinese General Practice, 24(28), 3615.
Jakobsson, J., De Brandt, J., & Nyberg, A. (2022). Physiological responses and adaptations to exercise training in people with or without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 12(9), e065832.
Janssens, W., Bouillon, R., Claes, B., Carremans, C., Lehouck, A., Buysschaert, I., Coolen, J., Mathieu, C., Decramer, M., & Lambrechts, D. (2010). Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in COPD and correlates with variants in the vitamin D-binding gene. Thorax, 65(3), 215-220.
Jarosch, I., Hitzl, W., Koczulla, A. R., Wencker, M., Welte, T., Gloeckl, R., Janciauskiene, S., & Kenn, K. (2017). Comparison of exercise training responses in COPD patients with and without Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Respiratory medicine, 130, 98-101.
Keogh, E., & Williams, E. M. (2021). Managing malnutrition in COPD: a review. Respiratory medicine, 176, 106248.
Kjærgaard, J. L., Juhl, C. B., Lange, P., & Wilcke, J. T. (2020). Early pulmonary rehabilitation after acute exacerbation of COPD: a randomised controlled trial. ERJ open research, 6(1).
Kortianou, E. A., Nasis, I. G., Spetsioti, S. T., Daskalakis, A. M., & Vogiatzis, I. (2010). Effectiveness of interval exercise training in patients with COPD. Cardiopulmonary physical therapy journal, 21(3), 12.
Machado, A., Marques, A., & Burtin, C. (2021). Extra-pulmonary manifestations of COPD and the role of pulmonary rehabilitation: a symptom-centered approach. Expert review of respiratory medicine, 15(1), 131-142.
Mendes, P. C., Gomes, R., Furtado, G. E., Amoroso, J., Lemos, S., Dias, G., & Mendes, R. (2022). Technical performance and aerobic fitness in Padel amateurs players with different practice levels. Retos(46), 890-895.
Mickleborough, T., Mcconnell, A., Stager, J., Tecklenburg-Lund, S., & Lindley, M. (2011). Effect of inspiratory muscle training on exercise tolerance in asthmatic individuals.
Molenaar, I., Warnaar, N., Groen, H., Tenvergert, E., Slooff, M., & Porte, R. (2007a). Efficacy and safety of antifibrinolytic drugs in liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American journal of transplantation, 7(1), 185-194.
Molenaar, I., Warnaar, N., Groen, H., Tenvergert, E., Slooff, M., & Porte, R. (2007b). Efficacy and safety of antifibrinolytic drugs in liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. American Journal of Transplantation, 7(1), 185-194.
Patiño, B. A. B., & Ramírez, F. J. P. (2024). Importance of learning to learn competence in Colombian university students based on multivariate analysis: challenges, opportunities and challenges for education. Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación(55), 613-623.
Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015). Exercise as medicine–evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 25, 1-72.
Petrovic, M., Reiter, M., Zipko, H., Pohl, W., & Wanke, T. (2012). Effects of inspiratory muscle training on dynamic hyperinflation in patients with COPD. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 797-805.
Roig, M., & Reid, W. D. (2009). Electrical stimulation and peripheral muscle function in COPD: a systematic review. Respiratory medicine, 103(4), 485-495.
Romer, S. H., Seedle, K., Turner, S. M., Li, J., Baccei, M. L., & Crone, S. A. (2017). Accessory respiratory muscles enhance ventilation in ALS model mice and are activated by excitatory V2a neurons. Experimental Neurology, 287, 192-204.
Sakhaei, S., Sadagheyani, H. E., Zinalpoor, S., Markani, A. K., & Motaarefi, H. (2018). The impact of pursed-lips breathing maneuver on cardiac, respiratory, and oxygenation parameters in COPD patients. Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 6(10), 1851.
Spielmanns, M., Gloeckl, R., Schmoor, C., Windisch, W., Storre, J., Boensch, M., & Kenn, K. (2016). Effects on pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD or ILD: a retrospective analysis of clinical and functional predictors with particular emphasis on gender. Respiratory medicine, 113, 8-14.
Theander, K., Jakobsson, P., Jörgensen, N., & Unosson, M. (2009). Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on fatigue, functional status and health perceptions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical rehabilitation, 23(2), 125-136.
Travis, W. D., King, T. E., Bateman, E. D., Lynch, D. A., Capron, F., Center, D., Colby, T. V., Cordier, J. F., DuBois, R. M., & Galvin, J. (2002). American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society international multidisciplinary consensus classification of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 165(2), 277-304.
Vagvolgyi, A., Rozgonyi, Z., Kerti, M., Agathou, G., Vadasz, P., & Varga, J. (2018). Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation and correlations in between functional parameters, extent of thoracic surgery and severity of post-operative complications: randomized clinical trial. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 10(6), 3519.
Wang, T., Mao, L., Wang, J., Li, P., Liu, X., & Wu, W. (2020). Influencing factors and exercise intervention of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinical interventions in aging, 557-566.
Wijkstra, P., TenVergert, E., Van Der Mark, T., Postma, D., Van Altena, R., Kraan, J., & Koëter, G. (1994). Relation of lung function, maximal inspiratory pressure, dyspnoea, and quality of life with exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax, 49(5), 468-472.
Wilson, A. M., Browne, P., Olive, S., Clark, A., Galey, P., Dix, E., Woodhouse, H., Robinson, S., Wilson, E. C., & Staunton, L. (2015). The effects of maintenance schedules following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ open, 5(3), e005921.
Xiang, X., Huang, L., Fang, Y., Cai, S., & Zhang, M. (2022). Physical activity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a scoping review. BMC pulmonary medicine, 22(1), 301.
Zeng, Q., Liao, W., Fang, W., Liu, S., Duan, C., Dai, Y., & Wei, C. (2023). Clinical effect of aerobic exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective study. Medicine, 102(42), e35573.
Zhang, H., Hu, D., Xu, Y., Wu, L., & Lou, L. (2022). Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Annals of medicine, 54(1), 262-273.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
