Development and validation of the physical activity questionnaire for adults aged 65 and older (PAQ-EA): a comprehensive assessment tool
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.116558Keywords:
Active lifestyle, Elderly people, Healthy ageing, Met, Test-retest reliabilityAbstract
Introduction: Physical activity is vital for healthy ageing, reducing risks of sarcopenia, frailty, and chronic diseases, while enhancing overall well-being. However, few validated tools comprehensively assess physical activity patterns in adults over 65, especially within social and familial contexts.
Objective: To develop and validate the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Elderly Adults (PAQ-EA).
Methodology: The PAQ-EA was developed using the Delphi method, involving a panel of 8 experts. The resulting 9-item questionnaire assesses physical activity across various intensities and domains, including sedentary behaviour. Reliability was evaluated in a sample of 140 participants (mean age 79.6 ± 5.6 years) using a one-week test–retest procedure. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to determine reliability. Construct validity was assessed by comparing results with physical performance tests.
Results: The PAQ-EA demonstrated good to excellent reliability. Significant correlations were observed between PAQ-EA scores and physical performance measures, with sedentary behaviour associated with poorer functional outcomes.
Discussion: The PAQ-EA demonstrated good validity and reliability, distinguishing itself by assessing activity across social, familial, and solitary contexts. Although lower intensities were observed in familial and social activities, their relevance to overall wellbeing was highlighted. The inclusion of sedentary time and basic daily activities aligns with current evidence linking these factors to disease prevention and the mitigation of functional decline in older adults.
Conclusions: The PAQ-EA is a valid, reliable tool for assessing physical activity in older adults, incorporating crucial social and familial contexts.
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