Development of student sportsmanship scale in Physical Education (S3-PE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.117720Keywords:
Student sportsmanship scale, student sportsmanship, sportsmanship questionnaire, development of student sportsmanship, sporty physical educationAbstract
Introduction: Currently, there is still a limited scale of sportsmanship that is valid and appropriate to the Indonesian cultural context for junior high school students.
Objective: This study aims to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Student Sportsmanship Scale in Physical Education (S3-PE).
Methodology: The scale was developed using the ADDIE model, starting with needs analysis and theory-based item construction. Aiken’s V showed 19 of 20 items valid (>0.78); one item was removed. Content reliability was high (0.871), and inter-rater reliability was moderate (ICC = 0.529). The scale was piloted on 1.750 junior high students. Construct validity and reliability were tested using Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM).
Results: Validity and reliability tests using CB-SEM showed that all items were valid (loading >0.70), reliable (α and CR >0.70), and AVE >0.50. The model fit was good, and concurrent validity was proven (r = 0.693; p <0.001), although the Chi-square/df was slightly above the ideal limit.
Discussion: The results showed that the scale had strong construct validity and reliability. All statistical indicators met the recommended criteria, including discriminant and concurrent validity, and the model fit was excellent. Although the Chi-square/df value was slightly high, the overall model was deemed suitable for use.
Conclusions: These findings conclude that the S3-PE is a valid, reliable, and suitable measurement tool for student sportsmanship in the context of physical education at the junior high school level.
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