Effects of isometric strength training in people with cancer: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.118162Keywords:
Cancer, exercise, isometric training, physical functioning, quality of lifeAbstract
Introduction: Isometric strength training was proposed as a safe alternative for individuals with restricted mobility or limited access to equipment. However, its specific effects in people with cancer had not been synthesized.
Objective: The objective was to summarize the effects of isometric strength training in people with cancer and to derive practical recommendations for its implementation in clinical and community settings.
Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched for studies published up to 23 September 2024. Methodological quality was assessed with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale in pre-test–post-test trials with randomly allocated experimental and control groups.
Results: Of 262 records identified, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 1,021 participants, 371 of whom received isometric strength interventions. Most programs targeted women with breast cancer and emphasized upper-limb isometric exercises. At least half of the studies assessed handgrip strength, and interventions typically lasted eight or more weeks with one-hour sessions.
Discussion: The reviewed programs generally improved muscle strength and selected functional outcomes, in line with previous resistance training research in oncology, but considerable variation in exercise type, volume and supervision limited direct comparisons between studies.
Conclusions: Isometric strength training appears to be feasible and adaptable for people with cancer and shows promising benefits, but future trials should standardize program design and outcome measures to optimize its implementation.
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