Composição corporal e nível de experiência em mulheres adultas jovens que realizam HIIT

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118593

Palavras-chave:

Adiposidade, composição corporal, treino de intervalos de alta intensidade, índice de massa corporal, mulheres

Resumo

Introdução: A validade clínica do índice de massa corporal (IMC) é atualmente questionada pela sua incapacidade de discriminar a adiposidade real em poblações fisicamente ativas. O treino interválico de alta intensidade (HIIT) posiciona-se como uma estratégia eficiente para otimizar a composição corporal e a saúde metabólica.

Objectivo: Analisar a relação entre o IMC, a percentagem de gordura corporal de acordo com a classificação do American Council on Exercise (ACE) e o nível de experiência em mulheres adultas jovens praticantes de HIIT.

Metodologia: Foi implementado um projeto observacional transversal com 50 mulheres estratificadas em três níveis de experiência, avaliando o peso global e a percentagem de grama através de bioimpedância elétrica multifrequência com base em protocolos de padronização rigorosos.

Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no índice de massa corporal (p = 0,268), mas a percentagem de gordura evidenciou uma redução drástica no grupo especialista (16,7 ± 1,5%) face aos níveis principiante (30,0 ± 2,5%) e intermédio (30,1 ± 2,9%), evidenciando uma diferença estadística significativa (p < 0,001;

Discussão: Os hallazgos sugerem uma desconexão diagnóstica em que o peso corporal não reflete adequadamente as diferenças na adiposidade, evidenciando que o perfil compatível com a categoria “Atleta” foi observado apenas nos participantes com maior nível de experiência no treino HIIT.

Conclusões: O nível de experiência está associado a diferenças na adiposidade corporal medida pela percentagem de gordura, enquanto o IMC apresenta uma capacidade limitada para refletir as suas variações. O perfil compatível com a categoria “Atleta” foi observado exclusivamente ao nível de especialista.

Referências

Buch, A., Ben-Yehuda, A., Rouach, V., Maier, A. B., Greenman, Y., Izkhakov, E., Stern, N., & Eldor, R. (2022). Validation of a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis device for the assess-ment of body composition in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Nutrition & Diabetes, 12(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-022-00223-1

Byker Shanks, C., Bruening, M., & Yaroch, A. L. (2025). BMI or not to BMI? Debating the value of body mass index as a measure of health in adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 22(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01719-6

Čaprić, I., Stanković, M., Bojić, I., Katanić, B., Jelaska, I., Pezelj, L., Masanovic, B., Stefanica, V., & Go-vindasamy, K. (2025). Effects of different types of high-intensity interval training (Hiit) on physical performance in female basketball players—A systematic review. Life, 15(8), 1180. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081180

Chen, C., Yu, C., & Li, S. (2026). Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training on overweight or obese college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. iSci-ence, 29(1), 114361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.114361

Danković, G., Lazić, A., Andrieieva, O., Korobeinikov, G., Stanković, D., & Trajković, N. (2025). Effects of high-intensity interval training on physical fitness and body composition in recreationally ac-tive females: A systematic review and meta- analysis. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 33982. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11809-x

Gaweł, E., Hall, B., Siatkowski, S., Grabowska, A., & Zwierzchowska, A. (2024). The combined effects of high-intensity interval exercise training and dietary supplementation on reduction of body fat in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review. Nutrients, 16(3), 355. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030355

Guo, L., Chen, J., & Yuan, W. (2023). The effect of HIIT on body composition, cardiovascular fitness, psychological well-being, and executive function of overweight/obese female young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1095328. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1095328

Holmes, A. J., Stratton, M. T., Bailly, A. R., Gottschall, J. S., Feito, Y., Ha, P. L., Lavigne, A., Persaud, K., Gag-non, H. L., Krueger, A., Modjeski, A., Esmat, T. A., Harper, L. N., VanDusseldorp, T. A., & Hester, G. M. (2023). Effects of plyometric- and cycle-based high-intensity interval training on body com-position, aerobic capacity, and muscle function in young females: A field-based group fitness as-sessment. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 48(12), 932–945. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2022-0465

Khodadadi, F., Bagheri, R., Negaresh, R., Moradi, S., Nordvall, M., Camera, D. M., Wong, A., & Suzuki, K. (2023). The effect of high-intensity interval training type on body fat percentage, fat and fat-free mass: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Journal of Clini-cal Medicine, 12(6), 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062291

Kim, Y., Beom, J., Lee, S. Y., Jang, H. C., Kim, K., Kim, M., Shim, G. Y., Won, C. W., & Lim, J.-Y. (2024). Com-parison of bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for the diag-nosis of sarcopenia in the older adults with metabolic syndrome: Equipment-specific equation development. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 37(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-024-02898-1

Kobel, S., Kirsten, J., & Kelso, A. (2022). Anthropometry – assessment of body composition. Deutsche Zeitschrift Für Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine, 73(3), 106–111. https://doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2022.527

Kramer, A. M., Martins, J. B., De Oliveira, P. C., Lehnen, A. M., & Waclawovsky, G. (2023). High-intensity interval training is not superior to continuous aerobic training in reducing body fat: A systemat-ic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 21(4), 385–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2023.09.002

Li, G., & Dong, D. (2025). A meta-analysis of the effects of high-intensity interval training on circulatory system-related indicators in sedentary populations. Frontiers in Physiology, 16, 1702247. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1702247

Mehmood, S., Khan, A., Farooqui, S., Zahoor, A.-W., Adnan, Q. U. A., & Khan, U. (2022). High-intensity circuit training for improving anthropometric parameters for women from low socioeconomic communities of Sikandarabad: A clinical trial. PLOS ONE, 17(10), e0275895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275895

Mohajan, D., & Mohajan, H. K. (2023). A study on body fat percentage for physical fitness and preven-tion of obesity: A two compartment model. Journal of Innovations in Medical Research, 2(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.56397/JIMR/2023.04.01

Nielsen, R. L., Andersen, A. L., Kallemose, T., Damgaard, M., Bornæs, O., Juul-Larsen, H. G., Strejby Christensen, L. W., Jawad, B. N., Andersen, O., Rasmussen, H. H., Munk, T., Lund, T. M., & Houlind, M. B. (2023). Evaluation of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis against dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for estimation of low muscle mass in older hospitalized patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(1), 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010196

Pashaei, Z., Malandish, A., Alipour, S., Jafari, A., Laher, I., Hackney, A. C., Suzuki, K., Granacher, U., Saeidi, A., & Zouhal, H. (2024). Effects of HIIT training and HIIT combined with circuit resistance train-ing on measures of physical fitness, miRNA expression, and metabolic risk factors in over-weight/obese middle-aged women. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 16(1), 123. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-00904-7

Pérez-Guerrero, E. E., Guillén-Medina, M. R., Márquez-Sandoval, F., Vera-Cruz, J. M., Gallegos-Arreola, M. P., Rico-Méndez, M. A., Aguilar-Velázquez, J. A., & Gutiérrez-Hurtado, I. A. (2024). Methodologi-cal and statistical considerations for cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(14), 4005. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144005

Poon, E. T.-C., Li, H.-Y., Little, J. P., Wong, S. H.-S., & Ho, R. S.-T. (2024). Efficacy of interval training in improving body composition and adiposity in apparently healthy adults: An umbrella review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 54(11), 2817–2840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-024-02070-9

Rubino, F., Cummings, D. E., Eckel, R. H., Cohen, R. V., Wilding, J. P. H., Brown, W. A., Stanford, F. C., Bat-terham, R. L., Farooqi, I. S., Farpour-Lambert, N. J., Le Roux, C. W., Sattar, N., Baur, L. A., Morrison, K. M., Misra, A., Kadowaki, T., Tham, K. W., Sumithran, P., Garvey, W. T., … Mingrone, G. (2025). Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 13(3), 221–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00316-4

Shahiddoust, F., & Monazzami, A. A. (2025). Exercise-induced changes in insulin sensitivity, atherogenic index of plasma, and CTRP1/CTRP3 levels: The role of combined and high-intensity interval training in overweight and obese women. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 17(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01123-4

Shi, W., Chen, J., He, Y., Su, P., Wang, M., Li, X., & Tang, D. (2022). The effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on visceral fat and carotid hemodynamics parameters in obese adults. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 20(4), 355–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2022.09.001

Song, X., Cui, X., Su, W., Shang, X., Tao, M., Wang, J., Liu, C., Sun, Y., & Yun, H. (2024). Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on weight and metabolic health in college students with obesity. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 16558. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67331-z

Stankovic, M., Čaprić, I., Pezelj, L., Biševac, E., Mekić, R., Zećirović, A., Salihagić, Z., Ajdinović, A., & Jelas-ka, I. (2025). High-intensity interval training (Hiit): Impact of duration on body composition, cardiometabolic health, and aerobic capacity in adolescent women. Metabolites, 15(9), 623. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15090623

Syamsudin, F., Herawati, L., Qurnianingsih, E., Kinanti, R. G., Vigriawan, G. E., Cahyaningrum, E. A., As’ad, M. R. F., & Callixte, C. (2023). Short term hiit increase vo2max, but can’t decrease free fatty acids in women sedentary lifestyle. Retos, 50, 380–386. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99573

Valle Flores, J. A., Rosado Álvarez, M. M., González Iglesias, S., & Rios Espinoza, M. (2025a). Perfil salu-dable en adultos físicamente activos según patrones de entrenamiento y condición fisiológica. Retos, 75, 329–343. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.118163

Valle Flores, J. A., Rosado Álvarez, M. M., Ramírez Franco, J. M., Bello Tomalá, Y. D. R., & Quezada Calle, E. R. (2025b). Discordancia diagnóstica entre IMC y adiposidad en adultos físicamente activos. Retos, 75, 471–484. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.118279

Wang, Y., Yang, X., Deng, J., Wang, Z., Yang, D., Han, Y., & Wang, H. (2024). Combined high-intensity in-terval and resistance training improves cardiorespiratory fitness more than high-intensity in-terval training in young women with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 15, 1450944. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1450944

Westerheim, E., Øhman, E. A., Fossli, M., Winkvist, A., Henriksen, H. B., & Brekke, H. K. (2025). Relative validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis in estimating body composition in women with overweight and obesity 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Food & Nutrition Research, 69. https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.10869

Wiesinger, H.-P., Stöggl, T. L., Haller, N., Blumkaitis, J., Strepp, T., Kilzer, F., Schmuttermair, A., & Hop-kins, W. G. (2025). Meta-analyses of the effects of high-intensity interval training in elite ath-letes—part I: Mean effects on various performance measures. Frontiers in Physiology, 15, 1486526. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2024.1486526

Yamaner, E., Turğut, T., Aksoy, A., Demirkıran, B., Uçar, M. A., Başoğlu, B., Çamiçi, F., Yanar, M. S., Bülbül, A., Koç, A. F., Ceylan, T., Ceylan, L., & Küçük, H. (2025). Impact of an 8-week high-intensity bod-yweight interval training on body composition and blood lipid metabolism in young women with overweight. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1578569. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1578569

Yarizadeh, H., Eftekhar, R., Anjom-Shoae, J., Speakman, J. R., & Djafarian, K. (2021). The effect of aerobic and resistance training and combined exercise modalities on subcutaneous abdominal fat: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Advances in Nutrition, 12(1), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa090

Yin, H., Zhang, J., Lian, M., & Zhang, Y. (2025). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effective-ness of high-intensity interval training for physical fitness in university students. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 1601. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22829-7

Zhang, D., Dong, J., Hou, C.-W., & Wang, J. (2025). Comparative effects of high-intensity and sprint inter-val training on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition: A systematic review with me-ta-analysis. Frontiers in Physiology, 16, 1668326. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1668326

Zhu, Y., Nan, N., Wei, L., Li, T., Gao, X., & Lu, D. (2021). The effect and safety of high-intensity interval training in the treatment of adolescent obesity: A meta-analysis. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(8), 8596–8606. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-757

Publicado

01-04-2026

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Fariño Cortez, J. E., Escobar Valdivieso, G. S., & Cercado Mancero, A. G. (2026). Composição corporal e nível de experiência em mulheres adultas jovens que realizam HIIT. Retos, 77, 592-602. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.118593