Correlação entre aptidão cardiorrespiratória e composição corporal em adolescentes no norte de Moçambique: influência da idade, sexo e estado nutricional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v79.118682Palavras-chave:
Adolescência , aptidão cardiorrespiratória, composição corporal, estado nutricional, índice de massa corporal.Resumo
Introdução: A aptidão cardiorrespiratória e a composição corporal constituem componentes centrais da saúde física em adolescentes, e os com maior aptidão cardiorrespiratória tendem a apresentar melhor composição corporal, sugerindo uma relação entre essas variáveis.
Objectivo: Analisar a magnitude da correlação entre aptidão cardiorrespiratória e composição corporal em adolescentes no norte de Moçambique.
Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo observacional, transversal e correlacional, cuja amostra foi de 919 adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos, a aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi estimada pelo consumo máximo de oxigénio, utilizando o teste de corrida de ida e volta de 20 metros; a composição corporal foi avaliada através do Índice de Massa Corporal e a magnitude de correlação foi calculada através do teste de correlação de Pearson.
Resultados: Constatou-se uma correlação negativa, estatisticamente significativa (P < 0,05) em adolescentes do sexo feminino, variando com a idade (r = -0,189 a -0,355) e com a classificação do Índice de Massa Corporal (r = -0,230 a -0,544).
Discussão: Resultados similares a este, foram encontrados em outros estudos, porém em ambos os sexos, embora em tamanho amostral reduzido nesta faixa etária. Em um estudo realizado em adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesos, a magnitude de correlação foi maior que a do presente estudo.
Conclusão: A aptidão cardiorrespiratória apresenta correlação negativa, significativa e moderadamente fraca com a composição corporal em adolescentes do sexo feminino no norte de Moçambique. A força dessa relação tende a formar um padrão em U invertido com o avanço da idade, sendo mais acentuada em adolescentes com baixo peso.
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