Article RETRACTED due to malpractice  Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale Among Healthcare Providers and Students in Saudi Arabia: A national cross-sectional Survey

Authors

  • Turki M Alanazi King Saud Bin Abdelaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Hasa, Saudi Arabia
  • Fahad H Al Enazi
  • Bandar M Faqihi
  • Ahmad Saleh Almamary
  • YARA O BAYAMIN
  • Tuqa M Alhadad
  • Salaiyl N Al Bader
  • Munirah A Almusallam
  • Alkhothar A lhfoufi
  • Shahad A Alshammari
  • Abdulrhman S Alghamdi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.118454

Keywords:

quality of life, health psychology, occupational health, cognitive behavioral intervention

Abstract

Background: Poor sleep hygiene practices are associated with impaired cognitive functions, reduced academic and professional performance, and increased risk of chronic disease, especially among healthcare students and workers.

 

Objective: This study aimed to assess sleep hygiene awareness, caffeine knowledge, and sleep hygiene practices among healthcare providers and students in Saudi Arabia, identify demographic factors associated with these outcomes, and determine predictors of poor sleep hygiene practices.

 

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among healthcare students and providers. Data were collected on sleep hygiene knowledge, caffeine knowledge, and sleep hygiene practices using validated scales. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U tests, t-tests, Spearman correlation, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multiple linear regression modeling.

 

Results: A total of 652 participants were included. No significant differences were found between students and providers in sleep hygiene knowledge or caffeine knowledge. Students exhibited significantly poorer sleep hygiene practices (p=0.038). Older age, better caffeine knowledge, and better sleep hygiene knowledge were associated with healthier sleep practices. Regression analysis revealed that poor sleep hygiene knowledge, poor caffeine knowledge, and younger age predicted poorer sleep hygiene behaviors.

 

Conclusion: Healthcare students demonstrate a greater risk for poor sleep hygiene despite similar knowledge levels compared to providers. Targeted educational interventions are needed to improve sleep practices among healthcare students.

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Published

20-04-2026

Issue

Section

Retraction of articles

How to Cite

Turki M Alanazi, Fahad H Al Enazi, Bandar M Faqihi, Ahmad Saleh Almamary, YARA O BAYAMIN, Tuqa M Alhadad, Salaiyl N Al Bader, Munirah A Almusallam, Alkhothar A lhfoufi, Shahad A Alshammari, & Abdulrhman S Alghamdi. (2026). Article RETRACTED due to malpractice  Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale Among Healthcare Providers and Students in Saudi Arabia: A national cross-sectional Survey. Retos, 82. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.118454