Características funcionais em jogadores de futebol com e sem história de lesão do joelho: um estudo transversal

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.110951

Palavras-chave:

Desempenho atlético, lesões desportivas, teste de esforço, lesões no joelho, regresso ao desporto

Resumo

Introdução. As lesões do joelho em jogadores de futebol desencadeiam deficiências funcionais que afetam a potência, a velocidade, a agilidade e a flexibilidade dos membros inferiores. Uma vez estabelecida a lesão, observa-se uma diminuição destas capacidades, que se espera que sejam recuperadas durante a reabilitação.

Objetivo. Comparar variáveis ​​funcionais como a altura do salto, rigidez muscular, índice de força reativa, flexibilidade dos membros inferiores, velocidade e agilidade entre jogadores de futebol saudáveis ​​e aqueles com histórico de lesão, após a fase de reabilitação.

Método. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal, avaliando 14 jogadores de futebol com e 36 sem história de lesão, com idades compreendidas entre os 15 e os 30 anos. Os critérios de inclusão foram história de lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), ligamento colateral e menisco, com fase de reabilitação e regresso ao jogo inferior a 6 meses. Foram excluídos os participantes com dor ou lesão atual nos membros inferiores. Foram aplicados os testes Back Saver Sit and Reach, Drop Jump (utilizando a aplicação MyJump2®), Illinois e V-Cut.

Resultados. Os grupos com e sem história de lesão apresentaram idades médias de 20 e 19 anos, pesos de 70,8 e 68,3 kg, alturas de 174,1 e 174,4 cm e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) de 23,3 e 22,4 kg/m², respetivamente. A dominância da mão direita foi prevalente entre os atletas, tendo sido encontrada uma diferença significativa (p<0,05) na potência dos membros inferiores, especificamente na altura do salto e no tempo de voo, entre os grupos.

Conclusão: A altura do salto parece ser significativamente diferente entre os grupos, ao contrário das variáveis ​​de flexibilidade, velocidade e agilidade.

Biografias do Autor

  • Gabriel Hernández Oñate, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte

    Docente Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte Cali Colombia. Programa de Fisioterapia y Especialización en Fisioterapia del Deporte.

     Investigador Grupo GIAFS “Grupo de Investigación de Actividad Física y Salud”. Facultad de Salud y Rehabilitación Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte Cali Colombia.

    Docente Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia. Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Programa de Fisioterapia.

  • Miguel Ángel Campo, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte

    Docente Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte Cali Colombia. Programa de Fisioterapia y Especialización en Fisioterapia del Deporte.

    Docente Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia. Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Programa de Fisioterapia.

  • Pedro Calero-Saa, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte

    Docente Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte Cali Colombia. Programa de Fisioterapia y Especialización en Fisioterapia del Deporte.

  • Lina Marcela Tierradentro Gómez, Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte

    Fisioterapeuta Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte, Cali-Colombia.

    Docente Institución Universitaria Escuela Nacional del Deporte Cali Colombia. Programa de Fisioterapia

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Publicado

14-11-2025

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Hernández Oñate, G., Campo, M. Ángel, Calero-Saa, P., & Tierradentro Gómez, L. M. (2025). Características funcionais em jogadores de futebol com e sem história de lesão do joelho: um estudo transversal. Retos, 74, 395-405. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v74.110951