Estudo longitudinal das zonas de carga de jogo e desempenho no futebol de elite: uma análise multivariada e técnica de aprendizagem automática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.111326Palavras-chave:
Futebol, sistema de posicionamento global (GPS), análise de desempenho, desporto coletivo, sistema de rastreamento vestívelResumo
Introdução: Os recentes avanços tecnológicos revolucionaram a monitorização dos atletas, permitindo que os clubes de futebol de todo o mundo utilizem sensores integrados para monitorizar o desempenho dos jogadores. No entanto, interpretar os vastos e complexos dados gerados por estes sensores continua a ser um desafio para os formadores e analistas.Objectivo: Este estudo tem como objectivo identificar as cargas de jogo mais significativas que influenciam o desempenho dos jogadores.
Metodologia: Os dados foram recolhidos do Terengganu Football Club (TFC) durante a temporada de 2022 da Superliga da Malásia. O algoritmo de agrupamento de Louvain foi utilizado para classificar os níveis de desempenho dos jogadores, enquanto a regressão logística (modelo logit) identificou zonas-chave de carga associadas a diferentes níveis de desempenho. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizado para validar as diferenças entre estes grupos.
Resultados: Os dados recolhidos permitiram identificar três grupos de desempenho: moderado (10 jogos), elevado (7 jogos) e baixo (5 jogos). Das 20 zonas de carga analisadas, 15 foram significativas, conseguindo uma precisão de classificação inicial de 72,7%. Após a aplicação do teste Krus-kal-Wallis, foram isoladas sete métricas-chave de carregamento, melhorando a precisão da classificação para 86,4%.
Discussão: As conclusões fornecem informações sobre as principais métricas relacionadas com a carga, ajudando os treinadores a compreender o seu impacto no desempenho dos jogadores. Este conhecimento pode orientar a gestão da carga de trabalho e os ajustes de treino para melhorar a eficiência do jogador e reduzir o risco de lesões.
Conclusões: Este estudo oferece um guia valioso para a otimização dos programas de treino e o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais eficazes para melhorar o desempenho da equipa no futebol moderno.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Aina Munirah Ab Rasid, Rabiu Muazu Musa, Anwar P. P. Abdul Majeed, Vijayamurugan Eswaramoorthi, Naresh Bhaskar Raj, Zulkifli Mohamed
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