Artigo científico: trabalho de investigação básica ou aplicada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.112343Palavras-chave:
Physical Activity; Sleep Quality ; Stres; Body Mass Index; adolancentsResumo
Este estudo examinou os fatores que influenciam a obesidade em adolescentes de áreas urbanas e rurais da cidade de Mamuju. Foi utilizado um desenho correlacional transversal quantitativo, com 320 alunos de 44 escolas secundárias profissionais de aldeias remotas e do centro da cidade de Mamuju. Os participantes foram selecionados através de uma amostragem intencional, com foco nas escolas com pelo menos 20 casos de obesidade. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um inquérito online utilizando o Google Forms, que incluiu dados sociodemográficos, atividade física (IPAQ-short), indicadores de saúde mental (DASS-42), qualidade do sono (PSQI) e índice de massa corporal (IMC). A análise incluiu estatística descritiva, correlação de postos de Spearman, teste de Mann-Whitney e regressão ordinal (IBM SPSS Statistics). Os resultados mostraram que, nos adolescentes urbanos, a qualidade do sono apresentou uma correlação significativa com o índice de massa corporal (IMC) (p = 0,01, OR = 2,295), bem como a atividade física (p = 0,04, OR = 2,365) e os níveis de stress (p = 0,38, OR = 1,343). Nos adolescentes rurais, a atividade física (p = 0,02, OR = 3,197), a qualidade do sono (p = 0,07, OR = 2,967) e os níveis de stress (p = 0,25, OR = 2,981) apresentaram uma associação significativa com o IMC.
Conclusão: Estes achados realçam a importância de fatores de estilo de vida, como a qualidade do sono, a atividade física e o stress, na gestão do IMC em adolescentes, tanto em ambientes urbanos como rurais. Estes resultados reforçam a necessidade de intervenções direcionadas para abordar estes fatores e reduzir a obesidade adolescente.
Referências
Akhlaghi, M., & Kohanmoo, A. (2023). Sleep deprivation in development of obesity, effects on appetite regulation, energy metabolism, and dietary choices. Nutrition Research Reviews, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422423000264
Aliah, A., Bachtiar, F., Agustiyawan, A., & Sirada, A. (2023). RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP QUALITY IN ADOLESCENTS. Indonesian Journal of Health Development, 5(2), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.52021/ijhd.v5i2.124
Aulianti, T., & Puspitasari, R. (2021). Hubungan antara tingkat stres dan akitivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada usia remaja di Tangerang. Alauddin Scientific Journal of Nursing, 2(1), 24–31.
Azkiya, M. W., Sulistyono, R. E., Mashuri, M., & Rahmawati, P. M. (2022). DETERMINANT FACTOR OF DEPRESSION IN RURAL ADOLESCENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Nurse and Health: Jurnal Keperawatan, 11(2), 226–239. https://doi.org/10.36720/nhjk.v11i2.372
Bai, H., Liu, J., Bai, W., & Cao, T. (2024). Social pressures and their impact on smartphone use stickiness and use habit among adolescents. Heliyon, 10(7), e29111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29111
Baltag, V., & Banerjee, A. (2024). Leveraging the Priority Indicators to Promote Comprehensive Adolescent Health Approaches. Journal of Adolescent Health, 74(6), S12–S14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.001
Batur, A. F. (2025). A Critical Review on the Association Between Visceral Adiposity Index and Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women. Neurourology and Urodynamics, 44(1), 253–254. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.25583
Bringolf-Isler, B., Hänggi, J., Kayser, B., Suggs, L. S., de Hoogh, K., Dössegger, A., & Probst-Hensch, N. (2024). Does growing up in a physical activity-friendly neighborhood increase the likelihood of remaining active during adolescence and early adulthood? BMC Public Health, 24(1), 2883. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20373-4
Cho, N. H., Shaw, J. E., Karuranga, S., Huang, Y., da Rocha Fernandes, J. D., Ohlrogge, A. W., & Malanda, B. (2018). IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 138, 271–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.023
Christiana, R. W., Bouldin, E. D., & Battista, R. A. (2021). Active living environments mediate rural and non-rural differences in physical activity, active transportation, and screen time among adolescents. Preventive Medicine Reports, 23, 101422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101422
Christianto, D. A. (2018). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Kejadian Obesitas Berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuh Di Desa Banjaroyo. Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana, 3(2), 78.
Christoph, M. J., Grigsby-Toussaint, D. S., Baingana, R., & Ntambi, J. M. (2017). Physical activity, sleep, and BMI percentile in rural and urban Ugandan youth. Annals of Global Health, 83(2), 311–319.
Doane, L., Hastings, P., Parra, L. A., & Hoyt, L. T. (2023). Adolescence and Early Adulthood in Context. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 153, 106140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106140
Duncan, P. J., Romanò, N., Nair, S. V, McClafferty, H., Le Tissier, P., & Shipston, M. J. (2024). Long-term, Dynamic Remodelling of the Corticotroph Transcriptome and Excitability After a Period of Chronic Stress. Endocrinology, 165(12). https://doi.org/10.1210/endocr/bqae139
Estrada-Araoz, E. G., Quispe-Mamani, Y. A., Ayay-Arista, G., & Yupanqui-Pino, E. H. (2024). Depresión, ansiedad y estrés como predictores del disfrute de la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios: un estudio transversal (Depression, anxiety, and stress as predictors of physical activity enjoyment in university students: a cross-sectional. Retos, 61, 164–172. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109802
Francis, L. A., Rollins, B. Y., Epel, E. S., & Lozinski, R. H. (2024). Stress-induced eating in rural adolescents: Unique variability among boys and adolescents with obesity. Appetite, 203, 107705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107705
Ganatra, P. (2024). Intersecting impacts: urban noise pollution on sleep quality and mental health outcomes. INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings, 270(2), 9876–9886. https://doi.org/10.3397/IN_2024_4315
Gandasari, M. F. (2024). Peran Aktivitas Fisik Terhadap Terjadinya Tingkat Depresi, Kecemasan, dan Stres Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(3), 11246–11260. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.11889
Gonçalves, I. da S. A., Filgueiras, M. D. S., Moreira, T. R., Thomé, M. S., Paiva, G. L. D., Almeida, G. P. de, Cotta, R. M. M., Campos, T. do N., Freitas, D. M. de O., Novaes, J. F. de, Oliveira, A. F. de, & Costa, G. D. da. (2024). Interrelation of Stress, Eating Behavior, and Body Adiposity in Women with Obesity: Do Emotions Matter? Nutrients, 16(23), 4133. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234133
Grimaldi, M., Bacaro, V., Natale, V., Tonetti, L., & Crocetti, E. (2023). The Longitudinal Interplay between Sleep, Anthropometric Indices, Eating Behaviors, and Nutritional Aspects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(14), 3179. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143179
Harkness, A., Perez-Amparan, E., Camacho, L., Fan, R., Kerr, E., Arra, N., Durley, I., Tager, L., Bland-Boyd, B., Müller-Oehring, E., Nagata, J., Baker, F., & Kiss, O. (2024). 0132 Effects of Sleep Behavior, Obesity, and Sex on Well-Being and Mental Health Problems in Adolescents. SLEEP, 47(Supplement_1), A58–A58. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0132
Hsieh, P. P., Sindhu, F. C., Dewi, M. R., & Sidhiarta, I. G. L. (2023). Hubungan antara durasi tidur dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak: sebuah tinjauan sistematis. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 229–236. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1303
Joshi, S., Mardik, S., Verma, P., Rajagopalan, H., Siddiqui, M. H., & Lachyan, A. (2023). Variability in Health Impact: Examining Lifestyle and Dietary Habits Across Different Stages of Adolescence: A Comprehensive Literature Review. European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety, 15(11), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i111354
Katanic, B., Bjelica, D., Stankovic, M., Milosevic, Z., Vukovic, J., & Mekic, A. (2023). Anthropometric Characteristics and Weight Status of Early Adolescents (Aged 12–14) in Montenegro; Urban–Rural and Regional Differences. Children, 10(10), 1664.
Kemenkes, R. I. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1–96.
Kipp, C., Wilson, D. K., Sweeney, A. M., Zarrett, N., & Van Horn, M. L. (2021). Effects of Parenting and Perceived Stress on BMI in African American Adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(8), 980–990. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab025
Kolunsarka, I., Beets, M., Huhtiniemi, M., & Jaakkola, T. (2024). 212 Multi-trajectory analysis of changes in physical activity, BMI and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence. European Journal of Public Health, 34(Supplement_2). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckae114.089
Konuksever, Y. E., & Şahinduran, Ş. (2024). The Effects of Leptin and Ghrelin Hormones on Metabolism. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1592677
Kuckuck, S., Lengton, R., Meeusen, R. E. H., van der Valk, E. S., Hillegers, M. H. J., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Kavousi, M., Visser, J. A., Boon, M. R., van den Berg, S. A. A., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2024). Perceived Stress, Hair Cortisol, and Hair Cortisone in Relation to Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Patients with Obesity. Obesity Facts, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1159/000542079
Kuckuck, S., van der Valk, E. S., Scheurink, A. J. W., van der Voorn, B., Iyer, A. M., Visser, J. A., Delhanty, P. J. D., van den Berg, S. A. A., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2023). Glucocorticoids, stress and eating: The mediating role of appetite‐regulating hormones. Obesity Reviews, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13539
Kurniawan, C., & Meiyanti, M. (2021). Sleep quality and attention of senior high school students. JKKI: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 208–216.
Lee, J.-Y., Moon, S., Cho, S.-H., Kim, H., Kang, H.-J., Kim, S.-Y., Ryu, S., Kim, J.-M., Shin, I.-S., & Kim, S.-W. (2024). The Relationship Between Fast Food Consumption and Daily Lifestyle Changes During School Closures Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Adolescents in Korea. Psychiatry Investigation, 21(6), 610–617. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2023.0283
Liu, D., He, J., & Li, H. (2024). The relationship between adolescents’ physical activity, circadian rhythms, and sleep. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1415985
Macfarlane, D. J., Lee, C. C. Y., Ho, E. Y. K., Chan, K. L., & Chan, D. T. S. (2007). Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IPAQ (short, last 7 days). Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 10(1), 45–51.
Machado‐Rodrigues, A. M., Rodrigues, D., Gama, A., Nogueira, H., Fernandes, H. M., Stabelini Neto, A., Fernandes, R., & Padez, C. (2025). Can the Urban Lifestyle Impact on Children BMI and Healthy Sleep? American Journal of Human Biology, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.24210
Maita, K. C., Maniaci, M. J., Haider, C. R., Avila, F. R., Torres-Guzman, R. A., Borna, S., Lunde, J. J., Coffey, J. D., Demaerschalk, B. M., & Forte, A. J. (2024). The Impact of Digital Health Solutions on Bridging the Health Care Gap in Rural Areas: A Scoping Review. The Permanente Journal, 28(3), 130–143. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/23.134
Malik, A. S., & Chatterjee, K. (2023). A cross-sectional study to compare levels of physical activity among adolescents in rural and urban areas of Western Maharashtra. Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 79, S237–S243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2022.10.003
Martens, A., Duran, B., Vanbesien, J., Verheyden, S., Rutteman, B., Staels, W., Anckaert, E., Gies, I., & De Schepper, J. (2021). Clinical and biological correlates of morning serum cortisol in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. PLOS ONE, 16(10), e0258653. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258653
Megiani, I. N., Forte, A. H. R., Ferreira, L. P. de M., Chagas, K. F., Oliveira, B. M. P. de, Mendes, A. D. F., Pinto, A. de M. G., & Fernandes, J. M. D. da S. (2025). Medical and psychoanalytical epidemiological analysis of bodily and emotional impact between overeating and restrictive eating during adolescence. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 8(1), e76814. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv8n1-187
Miftah F. (2017). Mixed Methods: Pengantar Dalam Penelitian Olahraga. Jurnal Penelitian Olahraga, 3(May 2017), 16–2017. https://doi.org/10.29407/js
Morgan, T., Basalely, A., Singer, P., Castellanos, L., & Sethna, C. B. (2024). The association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk among children and adolescents in the United States (US): A NHANES study. Child: Care, Health and Development, 50(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.13273
Mukri, S. G. (2018). Menyongsong Bonus Demografi Indonesia. ’ADALAH, 2(6). https://doi.org/10.15408/adalah.v2i6.8223
Nadila, P., Tambunan, T. J. R., Ingtiyas, F. T., & Ginting, L. (2024). Impact of Junk Food on Adolescent Health: Strategies to Promote Healthy Eating in Educational Environments. Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature, 4(001), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.54012/jcell.v4i001.368
Najmaldin Ezaldin Hassan. (2024). NOISE POLLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR), 24–37. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra18872
Olorunmoteni, O. E., Gómez-Olivé, F.-X., Fatusi, A. O., & Scheuermaier, K. (2024). Multidimensions of sleep health among in-school adolescents in rural and urban areas in southwestern Nigeria. Sleep Health, 10(1), S170–S179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2023.11.006
Organization, W. H. (2019). Global action plan on physical activity 2018-2030: more active people for a healthier world. World Health Organization.
Parikh, R., Sapru, M., Krishna, M., Cuijpers, P., Patel, V., & Michelson, D. (2019). “It is like a mind attack”: stress and coping among urban school-going adolescents in India. BMC Psychology, 7(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0306-z
Regis, M. F., Oliveira, L. M. F. T. de, Santos, A. R. M. dos, Leonidio, A. da C. R., Diniz, P. R. B., & Freitas, C. M. S. M. de. (2016). Urban versus rural lifestyle in adolescents: associations between environment, physical activity levels and sedentary behavior. Einstein (Sao Paulo), 14, 461–467.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas). (2018). Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional. In Lembaga Penerbit Balitbangkes (p. hal 156). https://repository.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/id/eprint/3514/1/Laporan Riskesdas 2018 Nasional.pdf
Rogers, E. M., Banks, N. F., & Jenkins, N. D. M. (2024). The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 40(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3667
Santos Labrador, R. M., & Melero Ventola, A. R. (2023). Variables asociadas a la motivación hacia la práctica de actividad física en adolescentes (Variables associated with motivation to engage in physical activity in adolescents). Retos, 50, 925–930. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.96892
Sheng, J., Xiang, Z., & Ban, P. (2025). How do neighborhood environments impact adolescent health: a comprehensive study from subjective and objective perspectives using machine learning method. Frontiers in Public Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1507711
Shetty, S., Duesman, S. J., Patel, S., Huynh, P., Toh, P., Shroff, S., Das, A., Chowhan, D., Keller, B., Alvarez, J., Fisher-Foye, R., Sebra, R., Beaumont, K., McAlpine, C. S., Rajbhandari, P., & Rajbhandari, A. K. (2024). Sex-specific role of high-fat diet and stress on behavior, energy metabolism, and the ventromedial hypothalamus. Biology of Sex Differences, 15(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-024-00628-w
Shirzad, W., Mohammad Mukhlis, B., Samiullah, S., & Samsoor, P. (2022). A Comprehensive Review of Noise Pollution and its Impact on the Urban Environment. Kardan Journal of Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.31841/KJET.2022.26
Sismoyo, A. M. (2022). Hubungan Adiksi Penggunaan Smartphone Dengan Kualitas Tidur Remaja Di Man 2 Kota Semarang. Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang.
Smout, S., Champion, K. E., O’Dean, S., Halladay, J., Gardner, L. A., & Newton, N. C. (2024). Adolescent Lifestyle Behaviour Modification and Mental Health: Longitudinal Changes in Diet, Physical Activity, Sleep, Screen Time, Smoking, and Alcohol Use and Associations with Psychological Distress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01350-9
Sukatemin, S., Muhalla, H. I., Muarrofah, M., Utari, D. A., & Fitriani, V. Y. (2025). Sedentary Lifestyle and the Threat of Obesity Among Young People. The Journal of Academic Science, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.59613/3cjm3157
Triplett, O. M., Morrell, H. E. R., & Van Dyk, T. R. (2024). Insomnia severity and obesity mediated by health behaviors in adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae098
Umar, M. A. (2017). Bonus Demografi Sebagai Peluang Dan Tantangan Di Era Otonomi Daerah. Genta Mulia, 8 (2), 90–99. https://www.kemenkopmk.go.id/hasil-survei-penduduk-2020-peluang-indonesia-maksimalkan-bonus-demografi
Wilson, D., Driller, M., Winwood, P., Clissold, T., Johnston, B., & Gill, N. (2022). The Effectiveness of a Combined Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, and Sleep Hygiene Lifestyle Intervention on Health and Fitness of Overweight Airline Pilots: A Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 14(9), 1988. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091988
Wulandari, G., Abdullah, A., & Arifin, V. N. (2025). Analisis Faktor Kejadian Obesitas pada Pelajar Tata Boga di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 3 Kota Banda Aceh. Jurnal Promotif Preventif, 8(1), 37–46.
Zainuddin, Z., Ma’arif, I., & Prasetyo, G. (2024). Tingkat aktivitas fisik berdasarkan tempat tinggal perkotaan dan pedesaan. Bravo’s: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Kesehatan, 12(2).
Zink, J., Booker, R., Wolff-Hughes, D. L., Allen, N. B., Carnethon, M. R., Alexandria, S. J., & Berrigan, D. (2024). Longitudinal associations of screen time, physical activity, and sleep duration with body mass index in U.S. youth. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 21(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-024-01587-6
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Ardan Raditya Dwi Atmaja, Ropik Hidayat, Saeful Rokhman, syahrizal islam, Gilang Gemilang Muti, Brayen M Haekase
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
