Massagem desportiva ou exercício ativo para aliviar a dor muscular tardia? Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise numa população saudável
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.117195Palavras-chave:
Terapia com exercício ativo (TEA), creatina quinase (CK), dor muscular tardia (DOMS), recuperação muscular, amplitude de movimento (ADM), massagem terapêutica desportiva (MTE)Resumo
Introdução: A dor muscular tardia (DOMS) manifesta-se geralmente 24 a 72 horas após o exercício excêntrico e pode ter um impacto negativo no desempenho, na recuperação e na capacidade funcional. A massagem desportiva (SMT) e a terapia com exercício ativo (AET) são frequentemente utilizadas para aliviar os sintomas da DOMS; no entanto, a sua eficácia comparativa permanece incerta.
Objectivo: Esta revisão sistemática e meta-análise teve como objectivo comparar os efeitos da SMT e da AET na dor muscular, na amplitude de movimento (ADM) e nos níveis de creatina quinase (CK) em adultos saudáveis com DOMS induzida pelo exercício.
Metodologia: Foram realizadas pesquisas sistemáticas em quatro bases de dados eletrónicas (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Google Scholar) para identificar ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados entre novembro de 2004 e outubro de 2020. Os participantes elegíveis eram adultos saudáveis com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 60 anos que receberam técnicas de massagem manual (TMM) ou terapia de exercício excêntrico (TEE) (atividade ligeira a moderada ≤70% da frequência cardíaca máxima) após exercício excêntrico. A síntese dos dados foi realizada através do Review Manager 5.4 com um modelo de efeitos aleatórios para calcular as diferenças médias padronizadas (DMP) com intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95%. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada através da ferramenta TESTEX e a heterogeneidade foi quantificada através da estatística I².
Resultados: Trinta e nove ensaios (n = 1.148) cumpriram os critérios de inclusão, sendo 27 intervenções com TMM e 17 com TEE. A Terapia de Manipulação da Coluna (TME) reduziu significativamente a dor muscular em comparação com o grupo de controlo e apresentou uma tendência mais consistente para a melhoria da amplitude de movimento (ADM) e redução dos níveis de creatina quinase (CK). O Treino Aeróbico (TA) proporcionou um alívio moderado e uma recuperação variável da ADM. A qualidade metodológica global foi de moderada a elevada.
Conclusões: Tanto a TME como o TA são estratégias eficazes para a dor muscular tardia induzida pelo exercício; no entanto, a TME parece oferecer melhorias mais consistentes a curto prazo.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Muhammad Syazani Sohaimi, Noor Fatihah Ilias, Afryna Batrisyia Md Soberi, Noorfahzarina Amiuliya Abu Bakar, Mazlifah Omar, George Thomas, Mazlifah Sajadi, Hosni Hasan, Raja Mohammed Firhad Raja Azidin, Hashbullah Ismail
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