Disfunção autonômica persistente após COVID-19 leve: evidências da resposta ortostática da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.117526

Palavras-chave:

Controle autonômico cardiovascular, Sensibilidade Barorreflexa, COVID-19, variabilidade da frequência cardíaca

Resumo

Introdução: Alterações autonômicas após a COVID-19 têm sido descritas em indivíduos com doença leve.

Objetivos: Investigar efeitos persistentes da COVID-19 leve sobre a regulação autonômica cardiovascular, através da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) e da pressão arterial (VPA) e na sensibilidade do barorreflexo (SBR).

Métodos: 85 homens sedentários, entre 35 e 55 anos, foram alocados nos grupos CONTROLE (n = 43), avaliado antes da pandemia de COVID-19, e COVID-19 (n = 42), avaliado pelo menos seis meses após infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Registros contínuos da frequência cardíaca e da pressão arterial foram obtidos nas posições supina e durante ortostatismo ativo.

Resultados: Variáveis antropométricas e hemodinâmicas basais não diferiram entre os grupos. Na posição supina, os índices de VFC foram semelhantes, exceto a entropia aproximada, maior no grupo COVID-19 (1,46 ± 0,14 vs. 1,35 ± 0,13; p = 0,020). Em ortostatismo, o grupo COVID-19 apresentou menores oscilações de baixa frequência da VFC (70 ± 17 vs. 81 ± 10%; p < 0,001) razão LF/alta frequência (4,12 ± 3,70 vs. 6,7 ± 4,4; p < 0,001) e SD2 (desvio padrão da variabilidade em longo prazo) do gráfico de Poincaré (45 ± 14 vs. 51 ± 19 ms; p = 0,048). As respostas de VPA e SBR ao estresse postural foram semelhantes entre os grupos.

Discussão: Esses achados indicam que indivíduos recuperados da COVID-19 leve apresentam alterações persistentes sutis na dinâmica da frequência cardíaca durante mudança postural, sugerindo ajuste autonômico incompleto.

Conclusão: COVID-19 leve pode estar associada a alterações autonômicas persistentes durante estresse fisiológico.

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03-04-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

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Veiga, A. C., Chinellato, N., Correia Gimenez, L., Aguilar, B. A., Martins Bernal, J. V., Vieira Philbois, S., de Paula Facioli, T., & Dutra de Souza, H. C. (2026). Disfunção autonômica persistente após COVID-19 leve: evidências da resposta ortostática da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca. Retos, 77, 274-284. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v77.117526