Perfil saudável em adultos fisicamente ativos segundo os padrões de treino e condição física

Autores

  • José Antonio Valle Flores Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-9526
  • María Magdalena Rosado Álvarez Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-4780
  • Sebastían González Iglesias Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0628-6552
  • Michele Rios Espinoza Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2385-6063

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.118163

Palavras-chave:

Composição corporal, treino de resistência, treino interválico de alta intensidade, frequência cardíaca, atividade-pai física

Resumo

Introdução. Os padrões de treino em adultos afetam fisicamente os ativos na composição corporal e na resposta fisiológica; No entanto, ainda existe incerteza sobre que combinações destas variáveis ​​definem um perfil fisiológico saudável em condições de prática livre, onde a intensidade e o controlo do estímulo não são padronizados.

Objetivo. Determinar os fatores de composição corporal, as respostas fisiológicas e as características do treino associado a um perfil fisiológico saudável em adultos fisicamente ativos que realizam diferentes modalidades de exercício.

Metodologia. Estúdio transversal com 973 participantes. Se recolheram dados sociodemográficos, variáveis ​​de treino e indicadores fisiológicos obtidos através de relógios inteligentes. O IMC e a percentagem de gordura são medidos através de antropometria padronizada e bioimpedância. Ver a aplicação em Kruskal–Wallis e correlações de Spearman. Foi ajustado um modelo de regressão logística binária com a idade, o género e as variáveis ​​de treino (p < 0,05).

Resultados. Não existem diferenças significativas no IMC (p = 0,298), percentagem de grama (p = 0,135) ou frequência cardíaca entre o yoga, a força, o HIIT e o cardio. A duração da sessão (OR = 3,91; p < 0,001), a frequência semanal (OR = 1,35; p = 0,003), a ingestão hídrica (OR = 1,42; p = 0,043) e o sexo feminino (OR = 4,84; p < 0,001) aumentaram significativamente a probabilidade de um perfil saudável. A modalidade não apresentou efeitos independentes.

Discussão. A semelhança entre as modalidades indica que, na prática livre, o volume, a hidratação e a carga interna influenciam mais a adaptação física do que o tipo de exercício. A percentagem de grama foi melhor discriminada que o IMC.

Conclusões. O volume semanal, a hidratação e o sexo feminino associaram-se a um perfil saudável, embora a modalidade não fosse determinante.

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Publicado

02-02-2026

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Valle Flores, J. A., Rosado Álvarez, M. M., González Iglesias, S., & Rios Espinoza, M. (2026). Perfil saudável em adultos fisicamente ativos segundo os padrões de treino e condição física. Retos, 75, 329-343. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v75.118163