Ensaio clínico randomizado controlado comparando exercícios com colete de peso e vibração de corpo inteiro: efeitos na saúde óssea e muscular em adultos mais velhos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v76.118488Palavras-chave:
Osteopénia, sarcopenia, conteúdo mineral ósseo, pontuação TResumo
Introdução: A perda óssea e muscular é um problema, especialmente nas mulheres idosas sedentárias. O treino de resistência é reconhecido por promover a saúde óssea e muscular.
Objectivo: Investigar se a incorporação de um colete com peso ou vibração de corpo inteiro em programas de exercício poderia atenuar o declínio da densidade mineral óssea e da massa muscular magra nos idosos.
Métodos: Quarenta e nove participantes foram divididos em três grupos: um grupo de controlo (CON) que realizou uma marcha rápida e vários exercícios de fortalecimento; um grupo com colete com peso (WV) que completou o mesmo programa utilizando um colete com peso; e um grupo com vibração de corpo inteiro (WBV) que se exercitou numa plataforma vibratória.
Resultados: Após 8 semanas de treino, o grupo WV apresentou uma melhoria significativa do T-score ósseo (0,06 ± 0,19), enquanto os grupos CON (-0,19 ± 0,11; p = 0,000) e WBV (-0,13 ± 0,19; p = 0,014) apresentaram reduções. A densidade mineral óssea (DMO) da coluna lombar aumentou no grupo WV (2,82 ± 2,52 g) em comparação com o grupo CON (-1,92 ± 7,03 g, p = 0,023). O treino com vibração de corpo inteiro (WV) resultou num ganho de massa muscular magra (0,22 ± 0,71 kg) em comparação com os grupos CON (-0,98 ± 0,60 kg, p = 0,011) e WV (-0,60 ± 0,83 kg, p = 0,007).
Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que o exercício com colete de musculação pode contribuir para a prevenção da perda óssea, enquanto o treino com vibração de corpo inteiro parece promover melhorias na massa muscular magra.
Referências
Addendum. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Diabetes Care 2021;44 (Suppl. 1):S15-S33. (2021). Diabetes Care, 44(9), 2182. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-ad09
Alam, M. M., Khan, A. A., & Farooq, M. (2018). Effect of whole-body vibration on neuromuscular per-formance: A literature review. Work, 59(4), 571–583. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-182699
Bemben, D., Stark, C., Taiar, R., & Bernardo-Filho, M. (2018). Relevance of Whole-Body Vibration Exer-cises on Muscle Strength/Power and Bone of Elderly Individuals: Dose-Response. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559325818813066
Blodgett, J. M., Hardy, R., Davis, D., Peeters, G., Kuh, D., & Cooper, R. (2022). One-Legged Balance Per-formance and Fall Risk in Mid and Later Life: Longitudinal Evidence From a British Birth Co-hort. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 63(6), 997–1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2022.07.002
Burton, E., Hill, A.-M., Pettigrew, S., Lewin, G., Bainbridge, L., Farrier, K., Airey, P., & Hill, K. D. (2017). Why do seniors leave resistance training programs? Clinical Interventions in Aging, 12, 585–592. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S128324
Camacho-Cardenosa, M., Camacho-Cardenosa, A., Burtscher, M., Brazo-Sayavera, J., Tomas-Carus, P., Olcina, G., & Timón, R. (2019). Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training Combined With Cyclic Hypoxia on Bone Mineral Density in Elderly People. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1122. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01122
Carina, V., Della Bella, E., Costa, V., Bellavia, D., Veronesi, F., Cepollaro, S., Fini, M., & Giavaresi, G. (2020). Bone’s Response to Mechanical Loading in Aging and Osteoporosis: Molecular Mechanisms. Cal-cified Tissue International, 107(4), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-020-00724-0
Chang, X., Xu, S., & Zhang, H. (2022). Regulation of bone health through physical exercise: Mechanisms and types. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1029475
Colón, C. J. P., Molina-Vicenty, I. L., Frontera-Rodríguez, M., García-Ferré, A., Rivera, B. P., Cintrón-Vélez, G., & Frontera-Rodríguez, S. (2018). Muscle and Bone Mass Loss in the Elderly Population: Ad-vances in diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Biomedicine, 3, 40–49. https://doi.org/10.7150/jbm.23390
de Oliveira, L. C., de Oliveira, R. G., & de Almeida Pires-Oliveira, D. A. (2019). Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Versus Pilates Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Ran-domized and Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy (2001), 42(2), E23–E31. https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000184
Enright, P. L., McBurnie, M. A., Bittner, V., Tracy, R. P., McNamara, R., Arnold, A., Newman, A. B., & Cardi-ovascular Health Study. (2003). The 6-min walk test: A quick measure of functional status in el-derly adults. Chest, 123(2), 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.123.2.387
Fagnani, F., Giombini, A., Di Cesare, A., Pigozzi, F., & Di Salvo, V. (2006). The effects of a whole-body vibration program on muscle performance and flexibility in female athletes. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 85(12), 956–962. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.phm.0000247652.94486.92
Gaffney, C. J., Cunnington, J., Rattley, K., Wrench, E., Dyche, C., & Bampouras, T. M. (2022). Weighted vests in CrossFit increase physiological stress during walking and running without changes in spatiotemporal gait parameters. Ergonomics, 65(1), 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2021.1961876
Genest, F., Lindström, S., Scherer, S., Schneider, M., & Seefried, L. (2021). Feasibility of simple exercise interventions for men with osteoporosis – A prospective randomized controlled pilot study. Bone Reports, 15, 101099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101099
Hamaguchi, K., Kurihara, T., Fujimoto, M., Iemitsu, M., Sato, K., Hamaoka, T., & Sanada, K. (2017). The effects of low-repetition and light-load power training on bone mineral density in postmeno-pausal women with sarcopenia: A pilot study. BMC Geriatrics, 17(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0490-8
Herman, T., Giladi, N., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2011). Properties of the ‘Timed Up and Go’ Test: More than Meets the Eye. Gerontology, 57(3), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1159/000314963
Hong, A. R., & Kim, S. W. (2018). Effects of Resistance Exercise on Bone Health. Endocrinology and Me-tabolism, 33(4), 435–444. https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.4.435
Judex, S., & Rubin, C. T. (2010). Is bone formation induced by high-frequency mechanical signals modu-lated by muscle activity? Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions, 10(1), 3–11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2919567/
Kelleher, J. L., Beavers, D. P., Henderson, R. M., Yow, D., Crotts, C., Kiel, J., Nicklas, B. J., & Beavers, K. M. (2017). Weighted Vest Use during Dietary Weight Loss on Bone Health in Older Adults with Obesity. Journal of Osteoporosis and Physical Activity, 5(4), 210. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-9509.1000210
Klentrou, P., Slack, J., Roy, B., & Ladouceur, M. (2007). Effects of exercise training with weighted vests on bone turnover and isokinetic strength in postmenopausal women. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 15(3), 287–299. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.15.3.287
Lachman, M. E., Lipsitz, L., Lubben, J., Castaneda-Sceppa, C., & Jette, A. M. (2018). When Adults Don’t Exercise: Behavioral Strategies to Increase Physical Activity in Sedentary Middle-Aged and Old-er Adults. Innovation in Aging, 2(1), igy007. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy007
Lee, S. H., & Gong, H. S. (2020). Measurement and Interpretation of Handgrip Strength for Research on Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis. Journal of Bone Metabolism, 27(2), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.11005/jbm.2020.27.2.85
Lienhard, K., Vienneau, J., Nigg, S., Meste, O., Colson, S. S., & Nigg, B. M. (2015). Relationship Between Lower Limb Muscle Activity and Platform Acceleration During Whole-Body Vibration Exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(10), 2844–2853. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000927
Martiniakova, M., Babikova, M., Mondockova, V., Blahova, J., Kovacova, V., & Omelka, R. (2022). The Role of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Flavonoid Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Nutrients, 14(3), 523. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030523
McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. I., & Katch, V. L. (2010). Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Mierzwicki, J. T. (2019). Weighted Vest Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study. Physical Activity and Health, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.5334/paah.43
Mohan, V., Ruchi, V., Gayathri, R., Bai, M. R., Sudha, V., Anjana, R. M., & Pradeepa, R. (2016). Slowing the diabetes epidemic in the World Health Organization South-East Asia Region: The role of diet and physical activity. WHO South-East Asia Journal of Public Health, 5(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.4103/2224-3151.206554
Nithisup, P., Manimmanakorn, A., Hamlin, M. J., Maneesai, P., Manimmanakorn, N., Khaengkhan, C., La-Bantao, K., & Tantanasest, J. (2024). Exercise with weight vest plus chicken protein supplemen-tation delayed muscle and bone loss in older female adults. Physical Activity and Nutrition, 28(4), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.20463/pan.2024.0028
Normandin, E., Yow, D., Crotts, C., Kiel, J., Beavers, K. M., & Nicklas, B. J. (2018). Feasibility of Weighted Vest Use during a Dietary Weight Loss Intervention and Effects on Body Composition and Phys-ical Function in Older Adults. The Journal of Frailty & Aging, 7(3), 198–203. https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2018.17
Papier, K., Jordan, S., D’Este, C., Banwell, C., Yiengprugsawan, V., Seubsman, S., & Sleigh, A. (2017). Social Demography of Transitional Dietary Patterns in Thailand: Prospective Evidence from the Thai Cohort Study. Nutrients, 9(11), 1173. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9111173
Pruksa Supannee. (2020). Food consumption behaviours and associated personal and socio-economic factors in elderly adults, Northeastern Thailand. Malays J Nutr, 26(2), 203–213.
Rigoni, I., Bonci, T., Bifulco, P., & Fratini, A. (2022). Characterisation of the transient mechanical re-sponse and the electromyographical activation of lower leg muscles in whole body vibration training. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 6232. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10137-8
Rivera-Paredez, B., León-Reyes, G., Rangel-Marín, D., Salmerón, J., & Velázquez-Cruz, R. (2023). Associa-tions between Macronutrients Intake and Bone Mineral Density: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Health Workers Cohort Study Participants. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 27(12), 1196–1205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-023-2038-2
Rojroongwasinkul, N., Kijboonchoo, K., Wimonpeerapattana, W., Purttiponthanee, S., Yamborisut, U., Boonpraderm, A., Kunapan, P., Thasanasuwan, W., & Khouw, I. (2013). SEANUTS: The nutrition-al status and dietary intakes of 0.5–12-year-old Thai children. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(S3), S36–S44. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513002110
Santin-Medeiros, F., Rey-López, J. P., Santos-Lozano, A., Cristi-Montero, C. S., & Garatachea Vallejo, N. (2015). Effects of Eight Months of Whole-Body Vibration Training on the Muscle Mass and Functional Capacity of Elderly Women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(7), 1863. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000830
Sen, E. I., Esmaeilzadeh, S., & Eskiyurt, N. (2020). Effects of whole-body vibration and high impact ex-ercises on the bone metabolism and functional mobility in postmenopausal women. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 38(3), 392–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-019-01072-2
Srisaphonphusitti, L., Manimmanakorn, N., Manimmanakorn, A., & Hamlin, M. J. (2022). Effects of whole body vibration exercise combined with weighted vest in older adults: A randomized con-trolled trial. BMC Geriatrics, 22(1), 911. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03593-4
Sun, L., Lee, D. E. M., Tan, W. J. K., Ranawana, D. V., Quek, Y. C. R., Goh, H. J., & Henry, C. J. (2015). Gly-caemic index and glycaemic load of selected popular foods consumed in Southeast Asia. British Journal of Nutrition, 113(5), 843–848. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514004425
Swain, D. P., Onate, J. A., Ringleb, S. I., Naik, D. N., & DeMaio, M. (2010). Effects of training on physical performance wearing personal protective equipment. Military Medicine, 175(9), 664–670. https://doi.org/10.7205/milmed-d-09-00198
Unger, T., Borghi, C., Charchar, F., Khan, N. A., Poulter, N. R., Prabhakaran, D., Ramirez, A., Schlaich, M., Stergiou, G. S., Tomaszewski, M., Wainford, R. D., Williams, B., & Schutte, A. E. (2020). 2020 In-ternational Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979), 75(6), 1334–1357. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026
Waltman, N., Kupzyk, K. A., Flores, L. E., Mack, L. R., Lappe, J. M., & Bilek, L. D. (2022). Bone-loading ex-ercises versus risedronate for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with low bone mass: A randomized controlled trial. Osteoporosis International, 33(2), 475–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-021-06083-2
Zehnacker, C. H., & Bemis-Dougherty, A. (2007). Effect of weighted exercises on bone mineral density in post menopausal women. A systematic review. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy (2001), 30(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200708000-00007
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Chiraphorn Khaengkhan, Apiwan Manimmanakorn, Sopisra Manimmanakorn, Weerapon Sangartit, Jittima Saengsuwan, Peeraporn Nithisup, Michael John Hamlin
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
