Índice de motricidade grossa e aptidão física em crianças pré-escolares: um estudo transversal em Kuala Lumpur, Selangor e Putrajaya

Autores

  • Nurhidayah Yaakop Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Tan De Hui Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
  • Shamsulariffin Samsudin Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Borhannudin Abdullah Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Cassendra Anak Gilbert Faculty of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119213

Palavras-chave:

Habilidades motoras fundamentais, índice de motricidade ampla, força muscular, aptidão física, crianças em idade pré-escolar

Resumo

Introdução: O Índice de Desenvolvimento Motor Grosso (IDMG) é essencial para o desenvolvimento físico infantil. No entanto, existem poucas evidências sobre a relação entre a aptidão física e o IDMG em crianças em idade pré-escolar na Malásia.   Objectivo: Este estudo teve como objectivo investigar a relação entre o IDMG e a aptidão física em crianças em idade pré-escolar em Kuala Lumpur, Selangor e Putrajaya.   Metodologia: Este estudo transversal envolveu 104 crianças pré-escolares de 5 e 6 anos de idade, que foram avaliadas através do Teste de Desenvolvimento Motor Grosso - Terceira Edição (TGMD-3) para medir as suas capacidades motoras básicas. Foram utilizadas análises estatísticas como o teste t de amostras independentes, análise de modelo linear geral e coeficientes de correlação de Pearson. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p < 0,05.   Resultados: A maioria das crianças em idade pré-escolar foi classificada como limítrofe ou com atraso no IDMG (59,6%). Além disso, as raparigas obtiveram pontuações mais elevadas no GMI do que os rapazes (76,06 ± 6,82 vs. 71,98 ± 5,74, p < 0,001). Não se verificou associação significativa entre o GMI e a aptidão física (p > 0,05). Análises adicionais revelaram que a corrida de obstáculos de 15 metros apresentou uma correlação significativa com as capacidades locomotoras (r = -0,301, p = 0,003), enquanto a força de preensão manual apresentou uma correlação tanto com as capacidades locomotoras (r = 0,207, p = 0,043) como com o controlo da bola (r = 0,234, p = 0,038).   Discussão: Este estudo demonstrou que, embora não tenha existido uma associação significativa entre o GMI e a aptidão física geral, componentes específicas da aptidão física, como a corrida de obstáculos de 15 metros e a força de preensão manual, desempenham um papel crucial nas capacidades motoras básicas das crianças.   Conclusão: Em suma, as intervenções futuras devem focar-se no desenvolvimento de componentes específicos da aptidão física para apoiar o desenvolvimento da inteligência molecular geral em crianças em idade pré-escolar.

Biografias do Autor

  • Nurhidayah Yaakop, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia

    Dr. Nurhidayah Yaakop is a Senior Lecturer in the field of Physical Education and Sports Studies. She is actively involved in teaching, research, and academic supervision. Her areas of expertise include physical education, sports training, and curriculum development. She is committed to enhancing students’ learning experiences and contributing to the advancement of sports education.

  • Tan De Hui, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia

    A Postgraduate Student in Nutrition and Community Health graduate from Universiti Putra Malaysia.

  • Shamsulariffin Samsudin, Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia

    Dr. Shamsulariffin Samsudin is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia. His research interests include sports science, training methodology, and physical education. He is actively involved in teaching, research, and the development of training modules for educators and students in the field of sport and exercise.

  • Borhannudin Abdullah, Faculty of Education Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia

    Dr. Borhannudin Abdullah is a Senior Lecturer in the field of Physical Education and Sports Studies. He is actively engaged in teaching, research, and academic supervision. His research interests include sports science, training methods, and physical performance. He is committed to advancing knowledge and practice in sports and exercise education.

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Publicado

28-05-2026

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Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.

Como Citar

Yaakop, N., De Hui, T., Samsudin, S., Abdullah, B., & Gilbert, C. A. (2026). Índice de motricidade grossa e aptidão física em crianças pré-escolares: um estudo transversal em Kuala Lumpur, Selangor e Putrajaya. Retos, 82, 233-245. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119213