Article RETRACTED due to malpractice   Efeitos da formação de professores de educação física na perceção da inclusão social de alunos com deficiência motora em Marrocos

Autores

  • Ismail Abouddaka Multidisciplinary Laboratory in Education Sciences and Training Engineering. Sport Science Assessment and Physical Activity Didactic. Normal Higher School (ENS-C), Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-4938
  • Mustapha Bassiri Multidisciplinary Laboratory in Education Sciences and Training Engineering. Sport Science Assessment and Physical Activity Didactic. Normal Higher School (ENS-C), Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-8057

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.119636

Palavras-chave:

Educação física inclusiva, inclusão social, deficiência motora, protocolo de intervenção, alunos, Marrocos

Resumo

Objectivo: Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de um protocolo de treino e apoio para professores de educação física na adaptação de actividades de aprendizagem e na percepção de inclusão social de alunos com deficiência motora em escolas marroquinas. O protocolo centrou-se na melhoria das práticas profissionais dos professores, apoiando o planeamento e a implementação de atividades de educação física inclusivas, diferenciadas e adaptadas às capacidades dos alunos.

Metodologia: Foi utilizado um desenho quase-experimental com um grupo controlo não equivalente e medidas repetidas. O estudo incluiu 220 alunos com deficiência motora, divididos em dois grupos: um grupo experimental, supervisionado por professores que receberam o protocolo de treino e apoio, e um grupo de controlo, supervisionado por professores que mantiveram as suas práticas habituais. A perceção da inclusão social na educação física foi avaliada antes e depois da intervenção através de um questionário contextualizado de 9 itens, inspirado no Questionário de Perceções da Inclusão. O questionário abordou três dimensões: as relações com os pares, a pertença/aceitação social e a participação social na educação física.

Resultados: Os resultados mostraram uma melhoria maior no grupo experimental do que no grupo de controlo na pontuação geral de perceção de inclusão social. O modelo linear de efeitos mistos confirmou uma interação significativa entre o Tempo e o Grupo para a pontuação global (β = 0,73, SE = 0,15, IC 95% [0,44, 1,02], p < 0,001). Foram também observadas interações significativas nas relações com os pares (β = 0,70), no sentimento de pertença/aceitação social (β = 0,71) e na participação social na educação física (β = 0,78), todas elas favorecendo o grupo experimental.

Conclusão: Estes resultados sugerem que o treino e o apoio aos professores de educação física na adaptação das atividades de aprendizagem pode ser uma estratégia eficaz para promover a perceção de inclusão social dos alunos com deficiência motora na educação física.

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25-07-2026

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Abouddaka, I., & Bassiri, M. (2026). Article RETRACTED due to malpractice   Efeitos da formação de professores de educação física na perceção da inclusão social de alunos com deficiência motora em Marrocos. Retos, 82, 867-882. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v81.119636