Article RETRACTED due to malpractice Adoção configuracional de tecnologias de condicionamento físico entre estudantes de administração usando fsQCA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v82.119687Palavras-chave:
Cultura de aprendizagem ativa, estudantes de administração, tecnologias de fitness, análise comparativa qualitativa de conjuntos difusos, dispositivos vestíveisResumo
Introdução: as tecnologias digitais de fitness apoiam o monitoramento e o autogerenciamento da atividade física entre estudantes universitários.
Objetivo: este estudo analisou as configurações causais que explicam a alta adoção de aplicativos de fitness e dispositivos vestíveis entre estudantes do último ano de Administração de Empresas em uma instituição tecnológica de nível universitário na região serrana do Equador.
Metodologia: um delineamento quantitativo, transversal e explicativo-configuracional foi aplicado a 403 respostas válidas. O modelo incluiu o valor percebido para a saúde e o desempenho acadêmico, a autoeficácia em fitness digital, a confiança no coaching algorítmico, o cálculo privacidade-personalização, a influência social gamificada, a acessibilidade da tecnologia de fitness e a cultura de aprendizagem ativa. Os dados foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva, testes de confiabilidade, regressão complementar, calibração de conjuntos fuzzy e fsQCA.
Resultados: os construtos apresentaram confiabilidade adequada. O modelo de regressão explicou 75% da variância na alta adoção. Nenhuma condição isolada foi necessária, enquanto cinco configurações suficientes foram identificadas. A confiança no coaching algorítmico e o cálculo privacidade-personalização apareceram em todas as vias.
Discussão: a adoção não foi explicada apenas pelo acesso ou pela utilidade percebida, mas por combinações de confiança, personalização, capacidade digital, gamificação e cultura institucional.
Conclusões: a alta adoção de tecnologias de condicionamento físico entre estudantes de administração é um fenômeno configuracional que requer estratégias digitais de atividade física flexíveis e transparentes.
Referências
Alqahtani, N., Bashatah, A., Alharbi, M. K., & Syed, W. (2025). Exploring usage and perceived effectiveness of fitness trackers and mobile health applications among university students in Saudi Arabia. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 37531. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-22743-3
Berbeka, J., Borodako, K., Rudnicki, M., & Łapczyński, M. (2023). The role of mobile fitness applications in student leisure activities. Journal of Leisure Research, 54(5), 519–538. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2023.2249892
Cai, J., Wang, Q., & Yang, Q. (2025). A study on the use of fitness apps for extracurricular physical exercise among Chinese university students: A case study of a university in Yunnan. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2447 CCIS, 135–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3735-5_11
Chen, J.-A., Shih, C.-C., Lin, P.-F., Chen, J.-J., & Lin, K.-C. (2012). Collaborative evaluation and management of students' health-related physical fitness: Applications of cluster analysis and the classification tree. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 24(2), 153–159. https://doi.org/10.1515/IJAMH.2012.023
Cheng, Y., Peng, Y., & Li, Y. (2022). Associated factors of fitness app usage among college students [大学生健身ＡＰＰ 使用状况及相关因素分析]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 43(7), 1007–1010. https://doi.org/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.07.012
Cho, J., Lee, H. E., Kim, S. J., & Park, D. (2015). Effects of body image on college students' attitudes toward diet/fitness apps on smartphones. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(1), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0383
Cho, J., Lee, H. E., & Quinlan, M. (2017). Cross-national comparisons of college students' attitudes toward diet/fitness apps on smartphones. Journal of American College Health, 65(7), 437–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2016.1270949
Coffman, E. M., Smitherman, A. B., Willis, E. A., Ward, D. S., Tate, D. F., & Valle, C. G. (2025). Frailty and comorbidities among young adult cancer survivors enrolled in an mHealth physical activity intervention trial. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 19(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-023-01448-4
Dillon, K., Rollo, S., & Prapavessis, H. (2022). A combined health action process approach and mHealth intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour in university students–a randomized controlled trial. Psychology and Health, 37(6), 692–711. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1900574
Gou, Q., Li, S., Ba, T., & Zhang, W. (2022). Usage of college students' fitness app in Lanzhou City [兰州市大学生体育锻炼 APP 使用情况]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 43(6), 869–871, 875. https://doi.org/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.06.017
Han, Y., & Li, L. (2025). Factors influencing university students' behavioral intentions to use global positioning system-based fitness apps developed using big data technology and regression analysis. Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE International Conference on Computation, Big-Data and Engineering, ICCBE 2025, 534–537. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCBE65177.2025.11255935
Han, Y., & Li, L. (2026). The mechanism of mandatory exercise check-in on college students’ intention to use fitness apps: A complete mediation model. BMC Psychology, 14(1), Article 245. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-04045-z
Jiang, L. (2024). An empirical study on the promotion of college students' health behavior by sports and fitness app based on TPB. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 535–539. https://doi.org/10.1145/3687311.3687407
Kim, Y., Lumpkin, A., Lochbaum, M., Stegemeier, S., & Kitten, K. (2018). Promoting physical activity using a wearable activity tracker in college students: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(16), 1889–1896. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1423886
Kulyk, O., Den Daas, C., David, S., & Van Gemert-Pijnen, L. (2015). How persuasive are serious games, social media and mHealth technologies for vulnerable young adults? Design factors for health behavior and lifestyle change support: Sexual health case. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 1369, 28–42.
Li, J. (2021). Influence and effect of fitness applet on college students' physical health. Proceedings - 2021 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Human-Computer Interaction, ICHCI 2021, 38–40. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICHCI54629.2021.00015
Ma, G., Shi, Y., Ju, H., Chen, J., Zhao, Z., & Chen, Z. (2024). Use of mobile fitness app in college students and its relationship with healthy lifestyle [大学生移动健身ＡＰＰ 使用状况及其与健康生活方式的关系]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 45(8), 1131–1135. https://doi.org/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024253
Mendoza, J. A., Baker, K. S., Moreno, M. A., Whitlock, K., Abbey-Lambertz, M., Waite, A., Colburn, T., & Chow, E. J. (2017). A Fitbit and Facebook mHealth intervention for promoting physical activity among adolescent and young adult childhood cancer survivors: A pilot study. Pediatric Blood and Cancer, 64(12), Article e26660. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.26660
Nam, J. S., Kim, H.-A., Kwak, T., Cho, K. H., Jung, I.-Y., & Moon, C.-W. (2024). Feasibility of mobile health app-based home aerobic exercise for physical performance in healthy young adults. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 48(1), 75–85. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.230023
Nuijten, R. C. Y., van Gorp, P., Borghouts, T., Le Blanc, P., van den Berg, P., Kemperman, A., Hadian, E., & Simons, M. (2021). Preadolescent students' engagement with an mHealth intervention fostering social comparison for health behavior change: Crossover experimental study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(7), Article e21202. https://doi.org/10.2196/21202
Oliveira, R., & Lima de Oliveira, M. V. (2021). Mhealth, physical activity and sedentary behavior in college students [Mhealth, hábitos de atividade física e comportamento sedentário entre jovens universitários]. Motricidade, 17(4), 327–337. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.20552
Partridge, S. R., McGeechan, K., Bauman, A., Phongsavan, P., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2017). Improved confidence in performing nutrition and physical activity behaviours mediates behavioural change in young adults: Mediation results of a randomised controlled mHealth intervention. Appetite, 108, 425–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.005
Pittman, A. F. (2020). Effect of a school-based activity tracker, companion social website, and text messaging intervention on exercise, fitness, and physical activity self-efficacy of middle school students. Journal of School Nursing, 36(2), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840518791223
Pope, Z. C., Barr-Anderson, D. J., Lewis, B. A., Pereira, M. A., & Gao, Z. (2019). Use of wearable technology and social media to improve physical activity and dietary behaviors among college students: A 12-week randomized pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), Article 3579. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193579
Pramono, B. A., Hafidz, A., Fajar, M. K., Wijono, Wulandari, F. Y., Kusuma, I. D. M. A. W., & Hooi, L. B. (2023). Comparison between mobile fitness apps users and gender on exercise intensity in university students. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 19(2), 550–559. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2024.192.10
Reading, J. M., Solk, P., Starikovsky, J., Hasanaj, K., Wang, S. D., Siddique, J., Sanford, S. D., Salsman, J., Horowitz, B., Freeman, H., Alexander, J., Sauer, C., Spring, B., Victorson, D., & Phillips, S. M. (2024). Optimization of an mHealth physical activity promotion intervention with mindful awareness for young adult cancer survivors: Design and methods of Opt2Move full factorial trial. Global Advances in Integrative Medicine and Health, 13. https://doi.org/10.1177/27536130241265669
Sañudo, B., Sanchez-Trigo, H., Domínguez, R., Flores-Aguilar, G., Sánchez-Oliver, A., Moral, J. E., & Oviedo-Caro, M. Á. (2024). A randomized controlled mHealth trial that evaluates social comparison-oriented gamification to improve physical activity, sleep quantity, and quality of life in young adults. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 72, Article 102590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102590
Shetty, V. B., Lim, R., Teo, S., Soon, W. H. K., Roby, H. C., Roberts, A. G., Smith, G. J., Fournier, P. A., Jones, T. W., & Davis, E. A. (2025). A novel mobile health app to educate and empower young adults with type 1 diabetes to exercise safely: Prospective single-arm pre-post noninferiority clinical trial. JMIR Diabetes, 10, Article e68694. https://doi.org/10.2196/68694
Soliman, M., Rasheed, A., Hady, H. A., Jdaitawi, M., Khamees, A., & Abdelsalam, R. (2022). The impact of mobile phone fitness applications on the level of physical fitness and psychological well-being during COVID-19: The case of university students. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1), 299. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1802_21
Valle, C. G., Camp, L. N., Diamond, M., Nezami, B. T., LaRose, J. G., Pinto, B. M., & Tate, D. F. (2022). Recruitment of young adult cancer survivors into a randomized controlled trial of an mHealth physical activity intervention. Trials, 23(1), Article 254. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06148-5
Valle, C. G., Diamond, M. A., Heiling, H. M., Deal, A. M., Hales, D. P., Nezami, B. T., Pinto, B. M., LaRose, J. G., Rini, C. M., & Tate, D. F. (2023a). Effect of an mHealth intervention on physical activity outcomes among young adult cancer survivors: The IMPACT randomized controlled trial. Cancer, 129(3), 461–472. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34556
Valle, C. G., Diamond, M. A., Heiling, H. M., Deal, A. M., Hales, D. P., Nezami, B. T., LaRose, J. G., Rini, C. M., Pinto, B. M., & Tate, D. F. (2023b). Physical activity maintenance among young adult cancer survivors in an mHealth intervention: Twelve-month outcomes from the IMPACT randomized controlled trial. Cancer Medicine, 12(15), 16502–16516. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.6238
Valle, C. G., Heiling, H. M., Deal, A. M., Diamond, M. A., Hales, D. P., Nezami, B. T., Rini, C. M., Pinto, B. M., LaRose, J. G., & Tate, D. F. (2025). Examining sociodemographic and health-related characteristics as moderators of an mHealth intervention on physical activity outcomes in young adult cancer survivors. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 19(5), 1611–1622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-024-01577-4
Valle, C. G., Pinto, B. M., LaRose, J. G., Diamond, M., Horrell, L. N., Nezami, B. T., Hatley, K. E., Coffman, E. M., Polzien, K., Hales, D. P., Deal, A. M., Rini, C. M., Rosenstein, D. L., & Tate, D. F. (2021). Promoting physical activity in young adult cancer survivors using mHealth and adaptive tailored feedback strategies: Design of the Improving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) randomized controlled trial. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 103, Article 106293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2021.106293
Viciana, J., Casado-Robles, C., Guijarro-Romero, S., & Mayorga-Vega, D. (2022). Are wrist-worn activity trackers and mobile applications valid for assessing physical activity in high school students? Wearfit study. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 21(3), 356–375. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2022.356
Wang, Y., & Du, P. (2023). Analysis of college students' social anxiety and fitness app based on structural equation model in information age. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 12597, Article 1259708. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2671932
Xu, S., Guo, Z., & Hu, L. (2025). Effectiveness of a social cognitive theory-guided, multi-component mHealth intervention on physical activity among young adults with overweight or obesity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2025.2599886
Yan, A. F., Stevens, P., Wang, Y., Weinhardt, L., Holt, C. L., O'Connor, C., Feller, T., Xie, H., & Luelloff, S. (2015). mHealth text messaging for physical activity promotion in college students: A formative participatory approach. American Journal of Health Behavior, 39(3), 395–408. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.39.3.12
Yu, J.-H., Ku, G. C.-M., Lo, Y.-C., Chen, C.-H., & Hsu, C.-H. (2021). Identifying the antecedents of university students’ usage behaviour of fitness apps. Sustainability, 13(16), Article 9043. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169043
Zhang, Q., Li, Z., Jiang, L., Gao, Y., Gong, T., Li, J., & Zhou, Z. (2025). Effects of an exercise intervention based on mHealth technology on the physical health of male university students with overweight and obesity: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, Article e69451. https://doi.org/10.2196/69451
Zhang, X., & Xu, X. (2020). Continuous use of fitness apps and shaping factors among college students: A mixed-method investigation. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7, S80–S87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.009
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2026 Alexander Haro-Sarango, Gladys Proaño-Altamirano, Diana Castillo-Martínez, Evelyn Gavilanes-Carranza
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
