Swiss ball exercise reduces post exercise blood pressure in healthy young adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v68.115248Keywords:
exercise, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, oxygen saturationAbstract
Introduction: Swiss ball exercise has been associated with benefits related to various conditions. However, there is little information with regard to its effects on blood pressure particularly post exercise.
Objective: To evaluate the acute effects of Swiss ball exercise on vital functions in healthy subjects.
Methodology: This was an interventional study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control or Swiss ball exercise group. The control group was asked to lie quietly for 60 minutes, while the exercise group engaged in a 60-minute exercise session with a ball exercise. The outcomes were systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, and Borg’s scale of perceived exertion score. These parameters were measured at baseline and 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the intervention.
Results: There were 112 participants in this study, with 56 in each group. After the 60-minute intervention, there were four factors that differed between the two groups including HR at baseline, SBP, oxygen saturation, and post-intervention Borg’s scale scores. Systolic blood pressure in the ball exercise group differed significantly from baseline at 0, 15-, and 30-minutes post intervention, and from 0 minutes after intervention at 15-60 minutes post intervention.
Conclusions: Swiss ball exercise resulted in significant post exercise blood pressure reduction particularly SBP.
References
Arakaki, J. S., Jennings, F., Estrela, G. Q., Cruz Martinelli, V. D. G., & Natour, J. (2021). Strengthening exer-cises using swiss ball improve pain, health status, quality of life and muscle strength in patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. Reumatismo, 73(1), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.4081/reumatismo.2021.1357
Chávez, L. F. J. G., Haro, J. L., Zavalza, A. R. P., & Rodríguez, L. E. A. (2021). Encuesta Nacional de Tenden-cias Fitness para México en 2021 (National Survey of Fitness Trends in Mexico for 2021). Retos, 42, 453–451. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v42i0.85947
da Silva, C. A., Mortatti, A., Silva, R. P., Silva, G. B., Erberelli, V. F. T., Stefanini, F., & Lima, M. R. (2013).
Acute effect of isometric resistance exercise on blood pressure of normotensive healthy subjects. In-ternational Journal of Cardiology, 168(3), 2883–2886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.03.104
Franco, S., Rocha, R. S., Simões, V., Ramalho, F., Vieira, I., & Ramos, L. (2023). Tendências do Fitness em Portugal para 2023. Retos, 48, 401–412. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97094
Halliwill, J. R., Buck, T. M., Lacewell, A. N., & Romero, S. A. (2013). Postexercise hypotension and sus-tained postexercise vasodilatation: What happens after we exercise? Experimental Physiology, 98(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2011.058065
Keskin, M. T., Ulusay, N., Özer, Ş. C., & Ulusay, M. (2024). Evaluating scientific publications in the field of sports management: A bibliometric study based on the Web of Science database. Retos, 60, 140–155. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.102868
Kim, M.-K. (2016). The effects of trunk stabilization exercise using a Swiss ball in the absence of visual stimulus on balance in the elderly. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(7), 2144–2147. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.2144
Lawrence, M. M., Cooley, I. D., Huet, Y. M., Arthur, S. T., & Howden, R. (2015). Factors influencing iso-metric exercise training-induced reductions in resting blood pressure. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12225
Lee, J.-S., Kim, D.-Y., & Kim, T.-H. (2016). The comparison of abdominal muscle activation on unstable surface according to the different trunk stability exercises. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(3), 1003–1006. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1003
Millar, P. J., Levy, A. S., McGowan, C. L., McCartney, N., & MacDonald, M. J. (2013). Isometric handgrip training lowers blood pressure and increases heart rate complexity in medicated hypertensive patients. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 23(5), 620–626. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01435.x
Putra, C. A., Permadi, A. S., & Setiawan, M. A. (2024). Information technology innovation in sports learn-ing: Understanding global trends and challenges. Retos, 58, 844–854. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106485
Ramos-Álvarez, O., García-Romero, C., & Arufe-Giraldez, V. (2024). 20 años de investigación científica de la revista Retos, nuevas tendencias en Educación Física, Depor-tes y Recreación: análisis bi-bliométrico (20 years of scientific research by the journal Retos, new trends in Physical Educa-tion, Sports and Rec-reation: a bibliometric analysis). Retos, 54, 355–361. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102798
Rojhani-Shirazi, Z., Barzintaj, F., & Salimifard, M. R. (2017). Comparison the effects of two types of ther-apeutic exercises Frenkele vs. Swiss ball on the clinical balance measures in patients with type II diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 11 Suppl 1, S29–S32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2016.08.020
Song, G. B., Kim, J. J., & Park, E. C. (2015). The effect of Swiss ball exercise and resistance exercise on balancing ability of scoliosis patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(12), 3879–3882. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.3879
Souza, M. C. de, Jennings, F., Morimoto, H., & Natour, J. (2017). Swiss ball exercises improve muscle strength and walking performance in ankylosing spondylitis: A randomized controlled trial. Re-vista Brasileira De Reumatologia, 57(1), 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2016.09.009
Souza, L. R., Vicente, J. B., Melo, G. R., Moraes, V. C., Olher, R. R., Sousa, I. C., Peruchi, L. H., Neves, R. V., Rosa, T. S., Ferreira, A. P., & Moraes, M. R. (2018). Acute Hypotension After Moderate-Intensity Handgrip Exercise in Hypertensive Elderly People. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Re-search, 32(10), 2971–2977. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002460
Srivastav, P., Nayak, N., Nair, S., Sherpa, L. B., & Dsouza, D. (2016). Swiss Ball Versus Mat Exercises For Core Activation of Transverse Abdominis in Recreational Athletes. Journal of Clinical and Diag-nostic Research: JCDR, 10(12), YC01–YC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/23102.8972
van Assche, T., Buys, R., de Jaeger, M., Coeckelberghs, E., & Cornelissen, V. A. (2017). One single bout of low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise reduces blood pressure in healthy pre- and hyperten-sive individuals. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(4), 469–475. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06239-3
Vera-Garcia, F. J., Grenier, S. G., & McGill, S. M. (2000). Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Physical Therapy, 80(6), 564–569.
Whelton, P. K., Carey, R. M., Aronow, W. S., Casey, D. E., Collins, K. J., Dennison Himmelfarb, C., DePalma, S. M., Gidding, S., Jamerson, K. A., Jones, D. W., MacLaughlin, E. J., Muntner, P., Ovbiagele, B., Smith, S. C., Spencer, C. C., Stafford, R. S., Taler, S. J., Thomas, R. J., Williams, K. A., … Wright, J. T. (2018). 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Exec-utive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 138(17), e426–e483. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000597
Williams, B., Mancia, G., Spiering, W., Agabiti Rosei, E., Azizi, M., Burnier, M., Clement, D., Coca, A., De Simone, G., Dominiczak, A., Kahan, T., Mahfoud, F., Redon, J., Ruilope, L., Zanchetti, A., Kerins, M., Kjeldsen, S., Kreutz, R., Laurent, S., … Desormais, I. (2018). 2018 Practice Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension. Blood Pressure, 27(6), 314–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/08037051.2018.1527177
Young, K. J., Je, C. W., & Hwa, S. T. (2015). Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation integra-tion pattern and swiss ball training on pain and balance in elderly patients with chronic back pain. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(10), 3237–3240. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.3237
Yu, W., Cha, S., & Seo, S. (2017). The effect of ball exercise on the balance ability of young adults. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(12), 2087–2089. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.2087
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Taweesak Janyacharoen, Paradee Auvichayapat, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
